LESSON NOTES · レッスンノート

N4How you sound · Sep 28, 2026

満員まんいん vs 売り切うりきれ: "full" of people, "sold out" of things

満員まんいん (manin) means full of people — no more room for another person, used for trains, venues, and waiting rooms. 売り切うりきれ (urikire) means sold out of stock — no more of an item left to sell, used for tickets, food, and products. The split is simple: people space is 満員まんいん, sellable stock is 売り切うりきれ.

Mixing them up is a common beginner mistake, but the categories don't overlap — a crowded train is never 売り切うりきれ, and an out-of-stock item is never 満員まんいん.

The basics

満員まんいん: full of people, no room left

満員まんいん describes any space that has reached its capacity for people — trains, elevators, waiting rooms, event venues. It's about physical room for bodies, not availability of a product.

朝あさの電車でんしゃはいつも満員まんいんだ。 — The morning train is always packed. (neutral, describing a daily fact) 満員電車まんいんでんしゃに乗のるのが苦手にがてだ。 — I'm not good with crowded trains. (casual, a common complaint)

満員電車まんいんでんしゃ ("packed train") is one of the most common compound phrases in everyday Japanese — commuting culture makes it a near-daily topic of conversation, right alongside the rest of the work vocabulary that shows up on the job. In everyday talk a train that feels busy is simply 混こんでる, and crowded in Japanese ranks 満員まんいん above it as the top degree, a statement of capacity rather than a feeling.

売り切うりきれ: sold out of stock

売り切うりきれ describes an item that a shop or seller has run out of — there's simply no more of that specific thing left to sell, regardless of how much physical space is available.

そのチケットはもう売り切うりきれです。 — Those tickets are already sold out. (polite, common at a ticket counter) このパンは午前中ごぜんちゅうに売り切うりきれることが多おおい。 — This bread often sells out by late morning. (casual-neutral)

売り切うりきれる is the verb form (to sell out), while 売り切うりきれ alone works as a noun or a state — 売り切うりきれです is the standard way to tell a customer something is gone, a useful phrase to know alongside how to say expensive in Japanese for everyday shopping.

Beyond the basics

満席まんせき: the seat-specific version of 満員まんいん

満席まんせき (まんせき, manseki) is a more specific cousin of 満員まんいん, used when the "fullness" is specifically about available seats rather than general standing room — restaurants, theaters, reserved-seat trains, and flights all use 満席まんせき rather than the more general 満員まんいん.

人気にんきのレストランはすぐ満席まんせきになる。 — The popular restaurant fills up (seats) quickly. (neutral, a common observation) 満席まんせきのため、次つぎの回かいをご案内あんないします。 — Since we're fully booked (seats), we'll guide you to the next showing. (polite, staff announcement)

If standing room genuinely doesn't apply — a booked-out restaurant, a sold-out theater screening — 満席まんせき is the more precise, natural choice over 満員まんいん. When the restaurant does have room, the staff ask 何名なんめい様さまですか, and restaurant in Japanese shows how to answer with 二人ふたりです, noting that 一人ひとり and 二人ふたり are irregular readings.

完売かんばい: the formal, business version of 売り切うりきれ

完売かんばい (かんばい, kanbai) means the same thing as 売り切うりきれ but carries a more formal, promotional tone — it's the word you'll see in advertisements, news reports, and official announcements about products or events selling out completely.

コンサートは即日そくじつ完売かんばいした。 — The concert sold out the same day. (formal-neutral, news/announcement style) 人気商品にんきしょうひんなので、売り切うりきれる前まえに買かった方ほうがいい。 — Since it's a popular item, you should buy it before it sells out. (casual, everyday advice)

売り切うりきれ works fine in both casual and polite conversation; 完売かんばい is reserved for more formal or promotional contexts, especially when the sellout itself is being reported as newsworthy or impressive.

Common mistakes

  • Using 満員まんいん for a sold-out product. 満員まんいん is strictly about people filling a space — for an item a shop has run out of, 売り切うりきれ or 完売かんばい is correct instead.
  • Using 売り切うりきれ for a crowded train or venue. There's no "stock" being sold on a train — a full train is 満員まんいん, never 売り切うりきれ.
  • Treating 満員まんいん and 満席まんせき as fully interchangeable. 満席まんせき specifically implies seats; if standing room genuinely exists (like on many commuter trains), 満員まんいん fits better than 満席まんせき.
  • Assuming 完売かんばい is casual. It reads as more formal and promotional than plain 売り切うりきれ — using it in casual chat about your own shopping can sound oddly formal.

満員まんいん vs 満席まんせき vs 売り切うりきれ vs 完売かんばい

Word Reading What's full/gone Register
満員まんいん まんいん People (space, standing or seated) Neutral, everyday
満席まんせき まんせき Seats specifically Neutral, everyday
売り切うりきれ うりきれ Stock of an item Casual to polite
完売かんばい かんばい Stock of an item (formal/promotional) Formal, promotional

FAQ

Can 満員まんいん ever describe a shop or restaurant, not just transport? Yes — 満員まんいん can describe any crowded space, though for restaurants and theaters specifically, 満席まんせき (seats full) is usually the more precise, natural choice.

What do you say when a restaurant has no free tables at all? 満席まんせきです ("we're fully booked/full") is the standard phrase a host or waiter uses to tell you there's currently no space.

Is 完売かんばい only used for tickets and events? No — it's common for any product, from limited-edition snacks to concert merchandise, whenever a business wants to announce that something sold out completely, often as a mark of popularity.

What's the opposite of 売り切うりきれ? 在庫ざいこあり (ざいこあり, "in stock") is the standard opposite, commonly seen on shopping sites and store signs next to 売り切うりきれ (out of stock).

Can 満員まんいん describe an emotional state, like being "full" after eating? No — that's a different word, 満腹まんぷく (まんぷく, "full stomach"). 満員まんいん is specifically about a space being full of people, not a person being full of food.

Practice

1. "The morning train is always packed."

Show answer

朝あさの電車でんしゃはいつも満員まんいんだ。 — 満員まんいん describes the train being full of people.

2. "The popular restaurant fills up (seats) quickly."

Show answer

人気にんきのレストランはすぐ満席まんせきになる。 — 満席まんせき is the seat-specific version, natural for restaurants.

3. "Those tickets are already sold out."

Show answer

そのチケットはもう売り切うりきれです。 — 売り切うりきれです is the standard phrase for telling a customer stock is gone.

4. "This bread often sells out by late morning."

Show answer

このパンは午前中ごぜんちゅうに売り切うりきれることが多おおい。 — 売り切うりきれる is the verb form, "to sell out."

5. "The concert sold out the same day." (formal/promotional tone)

Show answer

コンサートは即日そくじつ完売かんばいした。 — 完売かんばい fits the more formal, newsworthy tone of a sellout announcement.

6. "I'm not good with crowded trains."

Show answer

満員電車まんいんでんしゃに乗のるのが苦手にがてだ。 — 満員電車まんいんでんしゃ is one of the most common compound words in daily Japanese life.

7. Fix this: この商品しょうひんは満員まんいんなので買かえません。 (should describe an out-of-stock item, not a crowded space)

Show answer

この商品しょうひんは売り切うりきれなので買かえません。 — a product being unavailable is 売り切うりきれ, never 満員まんいん, which is only for people filling a space.

8. "Since we're fully booked (seats), we'll guide you to the next showing."

Show answer

満席まんせきのため、次つぎの回かいをご案内あんないします。 — 満席まんせき specifically flags no seats available, common staff phrasing.

In a 30-minute trial lesson, describe a packed train as 満員まんいん and a sold-out ticket as 売り切うりきれ, and notice which word is about people and which is about stock.

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab — the first column becomes the front, the second the back.

満員	まんいん — full of people (space, standing or seated)
満席	まんせき — seats full
売り切れ	うりきれ — sold out (of stock)
完売	かんばい — sold out completely (formal/promotional)
在庫あり	ざいこあり — in stock
満腹	まんぷく — full (stomach, after eating)
即日	そくじつ — the same day
人気	にんき — popularity
案内する	あんないする — to guide, to inform
苦手	にがて — not good at, bad with

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime, and 満員電車まんいんでんしゃ is one of the first compound words I teach anyone planning to commute in Tokyo — a single word that captures an entire daily experience.

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Sources: the author's own lessons and standard reference grammars.

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