LESSON NOTES · レッスンノート

N4Talking to real people · Sep 28, 2026

片思かたおもい (kataomoi): unrequited love — and 両りょう思おもい, when it goes both ways

片思かたおもい (kataomoi) describes one-sided romantic feelings — liking someone who doesn't feel the same way, at least not yet. 両りょう思おもい (ryouomoi) describes the moment those feelings turn out to be mutual — both people like each other, whether or not they're officially dating.

These two nouns describe the two possible states of a crush, and Japanese has a small, tightly connected set of vocabulary for the space between them — confessing, reading the signs beforehand, and what happens if the feelings aren't returned. Together they map out one of the most common emotional arcs in everyday conversation and in nearly every romance anime plot, and once you know the full set, following that kind of storyline in Japanese gets noticeably easier.

The basics

片思かたおもい: one-sided feelings

片思かたおもい (literally "one-direction thought/feeling") describes liking someone whose feelings you don't know, or know aren't the same — a crush that hasn't been confirmed as mutual.

彼女かのじょはずっと片思かたおもいをしている。 — She's been carrying a one-sided love for a long time. (casual) 片思かたおもいの相手あいてに告白こくはくした。 — I confessed to the person I had a one-sided crush on. (casual)

片思かたおもい pairs naturally with する (片思かたおもいをする, "to be in unrequited love") and often appears simply as 片思かたおもい中なか ("currently in the middle of a one-sided crush").

両りょう思おもい: mutual feelings

両りょう思おもい (literally "both-direction thought/feeling") describes the discovery that both people involved like each other — the feelings are mutual, even if nothing official has been decided yet.

二人ふたりは両りょう思おもいだと分わかった。 — They found out they liked each other, mutually. (casual) 両りょう思おもいになれて嬉うれしい。 — I'm happy that we ended up liking each other mutually. (casual)

両りょう思おもい commonly pairs with になる ("to become") — 両りょう思おもいになる, "to become mutually in love" — describing the transition from uncertainty into confirmed, shared feelings. The step after that is 付き合つきあう, officially going out, and boyfriend in Japanese has the words for what you become then: 彼氏かれし, 彼女かのじょ or the neutral 恋人こいびと.

Beyond the basics

片思かたおもいから両りょう思おもいになる: the classic romantic arc

Put 片思かたおもい and 両りょう思おもい together with になる and you get the standard shape of a romance story in a single sentence.

片思かたおもいから両りょう思おもいになった。 — We went from one-sided feelings to mutual ones. (casual, a very common story arc)

This exact phrase, or something close to it, shows up constantly in how people narrate the early part of a relationship — the whole arc compressed into one clean transition.

告白こくはくする: the confession that decides which one you become

告白こくはくする (kokuhaku suru, "to confess one's feelings") is the pivotal action that turns uncertain 片思かたおもい into either confirmed 両りょう思おもい or a clear answer that it wasn't reciprocated. It's one of the most loaded single verbs in Japanese romantic vocabulary, closely tied to the layered ways of expressing affection covered in saying "I love you" in Japanese.

勇気ゆうきを出だして告白こくはくしたら、両りょう思おもいだと分わかった。 — I gathered courage and confessed, and found out we liked each other mutually. (casual)

Without 告白こくはくする, a lot of relationships stay in an unconfirmed, ambiguous state indefinitely — it's the verb that forces 片思かたおもい to resolve one way or the other.

脈みゃくあり and 脈みゃくなし: reading the signs before you confess

脈みゃくあり (myaku ari, literally "there's a pulse," meaning "there are signs of hope") and its opposite 脈みゃくなし (myaku nashi, "no signs of hope") are the casual, modern way friends discuss whether someone's feelings might be reciprocated before an actual confession happens.

彼かれ、脈みゃくありだと思おもう? — Do you think he's interested? (literally, "does he have a pulse?") (casual, a common question among friends discussing a crush)

脈みゃくあり is encouragement to consider confessing, not a guarantee — it's read from small signs like how someone acts, texts, or reacts to you, similar to the guesswork behind jealousy vocabulary, where feelings have to be inferred from behavior long before anyone says anything directly.

失恋しつれん: when 片思かたおもい doesn't turn into 両りょう思おもい

失恋しつれん (shitsuren, "heartbreak, a failed love") is the outcome word for when confessed or long-held feelings aren't returned — the natural endpoint vocabulary for a 片思かたおもい that never became 両りょう思おもい.

片思かたおもいが実みのらず、失恋しつれんした。 — My one-sided feelings didn't work out, and I got my heart broken. (casual)

失恋しつれん specifically implies a romantic pursuit ending in disappointment, which is a narrower meaning than a general breakup — it's tied to feelings not being returned, whether or not there was ever an official relationship to end. It's common to hear 失恋しつれん used even for a crush that never got past the 片思かたおもい stage, since the pain it names is about hope failing, not about losing an existing relationship.

Common mistakes

  • Using 片思かたおもい or 両りょう思おもい as bare verbs. Both are nouns and need grammatical support — 片思かたおもいをする/片思かたおもい中なか for one-sided feelings, 両りょう思おもいになる for mutual ones.
  • Confusing 両りょう思おもい with 付き合つきあう (to actually be dating). 両りょう思おもい only confirms that feelings match on both sides — a couple can be 両りょう思おもい for a while before anyone actually asks the other out and starts 付き合つきあう.
  • Treating 脈みゃくあり as a guarantee of 両りょう思おもい. It's a hopeful reading of the signs, not confirmation — plenty of 脈みゃくあり situations still end without a confession or with an unreciprocated one.
  • Using 失恋しつれん for any breakup. It specifically points at romantic pursuit ending badly, usually tied to unreturned feelings, rather than describing every kind of relationship ending.

片思かたおもい vs 両りょう思おもい vs 脈みゃくあり/脈みゃくなし vs 失恋しつれん

Word Reading What it describes Confirmed or guessed?
片思かたおもい かたおもい One-sided romantic feelings Confirmed one-sided
両りょう思おもい りょうおもい Mutual romantic feelings Confirmed mutual
脈みゃくあり/脈みゃくなし みゃくあり/みゃくなし Signs feelings might (or might not) be returned Guessed, unconfirmed
失恋しつれん しつれん Heartbreak from feelings not being returned Confirmed unreturned

FAQ

Does 両りょう思おもい mean the two people are officially dating? Not necessarily — it only confirms that both people's feelings match. Actually dating (付き合つきあう) is often a separate step that comes after 両りょう思おもい is confirmed.

How do you find out if you're 両りょう思おもい without confessing directly? Reading 脈みゃくあり signs is the common informal approach, though it's guesswork; 告白こくはくする (confessing directly) is the only way to know for certain.

Is 片思かたおもい always painful or sad? Not necessarily — it can be hopeful, exciting, or bittersweet depending on the situation, though it's often used with a wistful tone, especially in stories.

What's the difference between 失恋しつれん and just breaking up? 失恋しつれん is specifically about romantic feelings not being returned or a pursuit failing, often even before an official relationship existed; a general breakup of an existing relationship is usually described differently, like 別わかれる ("to break up").

Can 片思かたおもい or 両りょう思おもい describe feelings other than romantic love? They're almost always used for romantic feelings specifically — for other kinds of one-sided affection, like admiration for a mentor, different vocabulary is more natural.

Practice

1. "She's been carrying a one-sided love for a long time."

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彼女かのじょはずっと片思かたおもいをしている。 — 片思かたおもいをする describing an ongoing unrequited crush.

2. "I confessed to the person I had a one-sided crush on."

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片思かたおもいの相手あいてに告白こくはくした。 — 片思かたおもいの相手あいて identifies exactly who the feelings are directed at.

3. "They found out they liked each other, mutually."

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二人ふたりは両りょう思おもいだと分わかった。 — 両りょう思おもいだと分わかった marks the moment mutual feelings are confirmed.

4. "I'm happy that we ended up liking each other mutually."

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両りょう思おもいになれて嬉うれしい。 — 両りょう思おもいになる describing the transition into confirmed mutual feelings.

5. "We went from one-sided feelings to mutual ones."

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片思かたおもいから両りょう思おもいになった。 — The classic compressed arc from 片思かたおもい to 両りょう思おもい.

6. "I gathered courage and confessed, and found out we liked each other mutually."

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勇気ゆうきを出だして告白こくはくしたら、両りょう思おもいだと分わかった。 — 告白こくはくする as the pivotal verb resolving uncertain feelings.

7. "Do you think he's interested?"

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彼かれ、脈みゃくありだと思おもう? — 脈みゃくあり used casually among friends discussing a crush's likely feelings.

8. "My one-sided feelings didn't work out, and I got my heart broken."

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片思かたおもいが実みのらず、失恋しつれんした。 — 失恋しつれん as the outcome word when 片思かたおもい never becomes 両りょう思おもい.

9. Say "We like each other, but we're not dating yet."

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両りょう思おもいだけど、まだ付き合つきあっていない。 — 両りょう思おもい (feelings match) and 付き合つきあう (actually dating) are separate steps, so 両りょう思おもい can exist without 付き合つきあう.

10. "There are no signs he's interested, so I probably won't confess."

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脈みゃくなしだから、たぶん告白こくはくしない。 — 脈みゃくなし as the discouraging read that often heads off a confession.

With a teacher in a trial lesson, tell the story of a 片思かたおもい that became 両りょう思おもい, or didn't, using 告白こくはくする and 脈みゃくあり along the way.

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab — the first column becomes the front, the second the back.

片思い	かたおもい — one-sided (unrequited) love
両思い	りょうおもい — mutual romantic feelings
告白する	こくはくする — to confess one's feelings
脈あり	みゃくあり — signs of romantic hope
脈なし	みゃくなし — no signs of romantic hope
失恋	しつれん — heartbreak, a failed love
付き合う	つきあう — to date, go out with
勇気	ゆうき — courage
相手	あいて — the other person, partner
嬉しい	うれしい — happy, glad

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime, and 脈みゃくあり is a word my students bring up more than almost any grammar point — everyone wants a verb for "reading the signs" before they risk 告白こくはくする.

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Sources: the author's own lessons and standard reference grammars.

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