LESSON NOTES · レッスンノート

N4Lesson notes · Sep 25, 2026

Jealous in Japanese: urayamashii, shitto or yakimochi?

For "I'm jealous" in the everyday, friendly sense — "lucky you, I wish I had that" — Japanese uses 羨うらやましい (urayamashii). 嫉妬しっと (shitto) is the heavier word for real jealousy or resentment, and やきもち (yakimochi) is the jealousy of someone in love.

English stretches "jealous" over all three. You can tell a friend "I'm so jealous!" about their holiday photos and mean nothing but a compliment. If you translate that with 嫉妬しっと, your friend hears something closer to "I resent you for this." Picking the right word is less about grammar and more about how much bite you want.

The basics

What does 羨うらやましい mean?

羨うらやましい is an い-adjective: "envious," "I wish I were in your place." It is by far the most common way to react to good news that isn't yours, and it is usually a compliment.

一週間いっしゅうかんも休やすみがあるの?羨うらやましい! — You get a whole week off? I'm so jealous! (casual, friendly) 毎日まいにちおいしいものが食たべられて、羨うらやましいです。 — You get to eat good food every day — I envy you. (polite)

The thing you envy is marked with が: 〇〇が羨うらやましい. The person can go in the same slot: あなたが羨うらやましい, "I envy you."

What does 嫉妬しっと mean?

嫉妬しっと is a noun that becomes a verb with する. It is real jealousy — the uncomfortable feeling that someone has what you want, or might take what you have. It is not a compliment.

同期どうきが先さきに昇進しょうしんして、正直しょうじきちょっと嫉妬しっとした。 — My colleague who started with me got promoted first, and honestly I was a bit jealous. (casual, admitting a real feeling) 彼かれは才能さいのうのある後輩こうはいに嫉妬しっとしている。 — He's jealous of his talented junior. (neutral, describing someone else)

The target of 嫉妬しっとする takes に: 後輩こうはいに嫉妬しっとする.

What is やきもち?

やきもち literally means "grilled mochi," and やきもちを焼やく — "to grill mochi" — means being jealous in a relationship. It is softer and more playful than 嫉妬しっと, and it is the word you will hear when a partner gets a little upset about someone else.

他ほかの人ひとと話はなしてただけで、やきもち焼やいてるの? — You're jealous just because I was talking to someone else? (casual, teasing) 彼女かのじょはすぐやきもちを焼やくタイプです。 — She's the type who gets jealous easily. (polite)

Beyond the basics

What is いいなあ, and why is it everywhere?

If 羨うらやましい is the textbook word, いいなあ is what people actually say most of the time. It literally means "that's nice," and the long なあ turns it into a sigh of envy.

え、北海道行ほっかいどういきくの?いいなあ。 — Wait, you're going to Hokkaido? Lucky you. (casual)

いいなあ and 羨うらやましい often come together: いいなあ、羨うらやましい! It is warm, not bitter, and it invites the other person to tell you more.

What does うらやま mean?

うらやま is an online shortening of 羨うらやましい, and you will see it in comments and chat all the time. It is often written as the pun 裏山うらやま — literally "the mountain out back," which happens to be read うらやま too.

新あたらしいPC買かったの?うらやま〜。 — You bought a new PC? Jealous~ (very casual, chat)

Use it only in text or with close friends. It sounds like internet talk, because it is.

What about 妬ねたむ and 妬ねたましい?

妬ねたむ (netamu) is the dark end of the scale: resentful envy, wanting the other person to lose what they have. 妬ねたましい is the adjective. You will meet these in novels, dramas and villain monologues more than in daily conversation.

人ひとの成功せいこうを妬とんでも、何なにも変かわらない。 — Resenting other people's success changes nothing. (neutral, a piece of advice)

If you use 妬ねたましい to react to a friend's news, it will sound like you mean it.

How do you talk about someone else being envious?

羨うらやましい, like other feeling adjectives, is for your own feelings. For a third person, add がる: 羨うらやましがる, "to show envy, to act envious."

弟おとうとは私わたしの新あたらしいゲームを羨うらやましがっている。 — My little brother is envious of my new game. (neutral, describing his behaviour)

The same pattern works for 欲ほしい → 欲ほしがる. If that rule is new, hoshii vs tai explains why Japanese draws the line there.

How does anime play with jealousy?

Romantic comedies run on やきもち. A character sees the person they like talking to someone else, sulks, and when asked, snaps べ、別べつに嫉妬しっとなんかしてないし! — "I-it's not like I'm jealous or anything!" The joke works because they picked the heavy word 嫉妬しっと to deny it. Friends in slice-of-life shows, on the other hand, say いいなあ and ずるい! ("no fair!") to each other constantly, and both are affectionate.

ずるい!私わたしも行いきたかった! — No fair! I wanted to go too! (casual, playful envy)

Common mistakes

  • Using 嫉妬しっと as a compliment. 旅行りょこうの写真しゃしん、嫉妬しっとする! sounds bitter, not cute. Use 羨うらやましい or いいなあ.
  • Using 羨うらやましい for romantic jealousy. If your partner is upset that you talked to someone, that is やきもち, not 羨うらやましい — 羨うらやましい would mean they wish they were you.
  • Wrong particle. 羨うらやましい takes が (友達ともだちが羨うらやましい). 嫉妬しっとする takes に (友達ともだちに嫉妬しっとする). 友達ともだちを羨うらやましい is a common slip.
  • Using 羨うらやましい for other people. 弟おとうとは羨うらやましい means "my brother is enviable," not "my brother is envious." You need 羨うらやましがる.
  • Using うらやま out loud with strangers. It is net slang and sounds oddly childish in person.

Which word fits?

Word Strength Typical use Example
いいなあ Light Casual "lucky you" いいなあ、私わたしも行いきたい
羨うらやましい Light to medium Friendly envy, often a compliment 休やすみが多おおくて羨うらやましい
うらやま Light Net slang, chat only うらやま〜
ずるい Light Playful "no fair!" ずるい、一人ひとりだけ!
やきもち Medium Jealousy in love, often cute すぐやきもちを焼やく
嫉妬しっと Heavy Real jealousy, rivalry 才能さいのうに嫉妬しっとする
妬ねたむ / 妬ねたましい Very heavy Resentful envy 人ひとの成功せいこうを妬ねたむ

Practice

Answers are hidden — try your own sentence first, then open. Questions 1 and 2 are a pair: same situation, different feeling.

1. A friend shows you photos from a trip. React warmly: "I'm so jealous!"

Show answer

いいなあ、羨うらやましい! — friendly envy is a compliment, so 羨うらやましい or いいなあ.

2. A rival at work gets the project you wanted. Admit it honestly: "I was a bit jealous."

Show answer

ちょっと嫉妬しっとした。 — this is real, uncomfortable jealousy, so 嫉妬しっと. 羨うらやましい would sound too light here.

3. Tease your partner: "Are you jealous?"

Show answer

やきもち焼やいてるの? — jealousy inside a relationship is やきもち, and it keeps the tone playful.

4. Fix the particle: 友達ともだちを羨うらやましい。

Show answer

友達ともだちが羨うらやましい。 — 羨うらやましい is an adjective, so the object of the feeling takes が, not を.

5. Fix the particle: 後輩こうはいが嫉妬しっとした (meaning "I was jealous of my junior").

Show answer

後輩こうはいに嫉妬しっとした。 — 嫉妬しっとする marks the person you are jealous of with に. With が, the junior becomes the one who is jealous.

6. Describe your little brother: "He's envious of my new game."

Show answer

弟おとうとは私わたしの新あたらしいゲームを羨うらやましがっている。 — for someone else's feeling, 羨うらやましい becomes 羨うらやましがる, and the object takes を.

7. In a group chat, reply to "I got a new PC" in net slang.

Show answer

うらやま〜 — short for 羨うらやましい. Fine in chat, odd out loud.

8. Your friend went to a concert without you. Say "No fair!" playfully.

Show answer

ずるい! — ずるい literally means "sly," but between friends it is a light, affectionate complaint.

9. Which word would a villain use: "I resent his success"?

Show answer

彼かの成功せいこうが妬ねたましい。 — 妬ねたましい is resentful envy, the darkest word on the scale.

FAQ

Is 羨うらやましい rude? No. Said to a friend about their good news, it is a warm reaction. Only in a tone of complaint would it sound sour.

What is the kanji for urayamashii? 羨うらやましい. The kanji 羨せん is hard to write, so you will often see it in hiragana: うらやましい.

Is やきもち the same as 嫉妬しっと? Both are jealousy, but やきもち is softer and mostly about love. A partner "grilling mochi" can be cute; 嫉妬しっと sounds more serious.

How do I say "don't be jealous"? In a relationship, やきもち焼やかないで. Among friends teasing each other, 羨うらやましがらないで works too.

Is ずるい an insult? It can be — ずるい人ひと is "a sly, unfair person." Between friends reacting to good luck, ずるい! is playful. The context carries the meaning.

What is the adjective for "jealous" in the sense of a jealous person? 嫉妬深しっとぶかい — "deeply jealous, possessive." 彼かれは嫉妬深しっとぶかい means he gets jealous easily and strongly.

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab — the first column becomes the front, the second the back.

羨ましい	うらやましい — envious; I wish I had that
羨ましがる	うらやましがる — (someone else) acts envious
嫉妬	しっと — jealousy
嫉妬深い	しっとぶかい — jealous by nature, possessive
やきもちを焼く	やきもちをやく — to be jealous in love
妬む	ねたむ — to resent, to envy bitterly
妬ましい	ねたましい — resentfully envious
うらやま	うらやま — (net slang) jealous~
ずるい	ずるい — unfair, sly; "no fair!"
同期	どうき — colleague who joined the same year
後輩	こうはい — junior
昇進	しょうしん — promotion
才能	さいのう — talent
成功	せいこう — success

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime. Envy words come up when a student hears a friend's good news and has to react on the spot — and most of the time, the answer they want is just いいなあ. For more words that live in chat and comments, see otaku slang.

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Sources: the author's own lessons and standard reference grammars.

More drills like the ones above, plus a timed JLPT-style mock test: Practice · N4

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