LESSON NOTES · レッスンノート

N5Lesson notes · Oct 4, 2026

Drink in Japanese: 飲のむ (のむ), 飲み物のみもの, and why you "drink" medicine

Drink in Japanese is 飲のむ (のむ) as the verb, and "a drink" is 飲み物のみもの (のみもの) — the verb stem 飲のみ plus 物もの, "thing."

飲のむ does more work than English "drink." It is the verb for tea, beer, soup, and even pills: Japanese says you drink medicine where English says you take it. Learn that one difference and the rest of the word falls into place.

The basics

How do you say "to drink" in Japanese?

The verb is 飲のむ (のむ). It is a godan verb (Group 1), so it follows the same pattern as 読よむ (to read) and 休やすむ (to rest).

水みずを飲のみます。 — I drink water. (polite, everyday) コーヒーを飲のんだ。 — I drank coffee. (casual past) お茶ちゃを飲のんでください。 — Please drink some tea. (polite request, te-form)

The particle after the drink is を, just like any direct object. For a quick refresher on how the groups work, see Japanese verb groups.

How do you conjugate 飲のむ?

Here is the whole set. The only surprise is the て-form and た-form, where む changes sound.

Form Japanese Meaning
Dictionary 飲のむ to drink
Polite 飲のみます drink
Negative 飲のまない / 飲のみません don't drink
Past 飲のんだ / 飲のみました drank
Te-form 飲のんで drink (and...)
Potential 飲のめる can drink

The む → んで change is the same one that gives you 読よんで (read) and 休やすんで (rest). It happens for verbs ending in む, ぶ, and ぬ. If the te-form is the part that still trips you up, how to make the te-form walks through every pattern.

How do you say "a drink"?

Use 飲み物のみもの (のみもの). It is the noun built from the verb, and it means any beverage, hot or cold, with or without alcohol.

飲み物のみものは何なににしますか。 — What would you like to drink? (polite, restaurant or café) 飲み物のみものを買かってくる。 — I'll go buy some drinks. (casual, with friends)

飲み物のみもの is a general category word. When you want a specific drink, name it: お茶ちゃ, コーヒー, ビール, ジュース. For the plainest drink of all, see water in Japanese.

Beyond the basics

Why do you "drink" medicine in Japanese?

In Japanese, pills, powders, and syrups all go in through the mouth and get swallowed, so the verb is 飲のむ. English says "take medicine," but a literal 薬くすりを取とる would mean something quite different.

薬くすりを飲のみましたか。 — Did you take your medicine? (polite, a doctor or family member asking) 風邪薬かぜぐすりを飲のんで、寝ねます。 — I'll take cold medicine and go to bed. (polite, te-form linking two actions)

The same logic covers soup. スープを飲のむ is the normal phrase, because you swallow it rather than chew it. 食たべる (to eat) is for things you chew; 飲のむ is for things that go down without chewing. Smoking is different again: タバコを吸すう, never 飲のむ.

Does 飲のみに行いく mean "go for a drink"?

Yes, and it nearly always means alcohol. If someone says 飲のみに行いく, they mean going out to a bar or izakaya, not to a café for tea.

今夜こんや、飲のみに行いかない? — Want to go for drinks tonight? (casual invitation, alcohol implied) 仕事しごとのあと、ちょっと飲のみに行いこう。 — Let's go for a quick drink after work. (casual, colleagues)

This is the same shortcut English makes when you say "let's grab a drink." If you actually want tea or coffee, say お茶ちゃしない? or コーヒーを飲のみに行いかない? to remove the doubt. The bigger group version, 飲み会のみかい, has its own etiquette, covered in nomikai and bureikou.

What is the difference between 酒さけ and お酒さけ?

Both mean alcohol, but お酒さけ is the default word in conversation. Bare 酒さけ sounds blunt and slightly rough, and it also names sake itself, as in 日本酒にほんしゅ.

お酒さけは好すきですか。 — Do you like alcohol? (polite, small talk) お酒さけを飲のみすぎた。 — I drank too much. (casual, regretful)

Use お酒さけ when you speak. You will see 酒さけ in compound words and on signs, and you will hear it in rougher speech or anime dialogue. A character who growls 酒さけだ! is ordering alcohol and wants everyone to know it.

How do you say "one drink" or "cheers"?

Count a drink with 一杯いっぱい (いっぱい), literally "one cup" or "one glass." It also means "full," so context tells you which. 乾杯かんぱい (かんぱい) is the toast itself.

とりあえず、ビールを一杯いっぱい。 — To start, one beer. (casual-polite, the classic first order) もう一杯いっぱい飲のむ? — Want another drink? (casual) 乾杯かんぱい! — Cheers! (any register, raising glasses)

The full story on the toast is in cheers in Japanese.

How do you say you can't drink alcohol?

Use the potential form, 飲のめない, and soften it with a short reason. 飲のめない means "I'm unable to drink," which is different from 飲のまない, "I choose not to."

すみません、お酒さけは飲のめないんです。 — Sorry, I can't drink alcohol. (polite, soft refusal with んです) 今日きょうは車くるまなので、飲のめません。 — I'm driving today, so I can't drink. (polite, with a reason) お酒さけは飲のまないんです。 — I don't drink alcohol. (polite, a personal choice)

Both are fine. 飲のめない suggests you physically or medically can't; 飲のまない is a preference. A short reason after it keeps the mood easy, and most people will happily move on to pour you a soft drink. In Japan this is a normal, accepted thing to say.

How does 飲のむ sound in anime?

Anime uses 飲のむ for the big dramatic gulp and the shared drink. The casual command is 飲のめ! ("Drink!"), and the very common cheer is 飲のもう! ("Let's drink!").

飲のめ飲のめ! 今日きょうはおれのおごりだ! — Drink up, drink up! It's on me today! (rough, male speech, an older character treating the group) ほら、これを飲のんで。 — Here, drink this. (casual, caring, handing someone a drink) 飲のみすぎだよ、お前まえ。 — You're drinking too much, buddy. (rough, a friend's warning)

飲のめ is a bare command and sounds bossy. Among friends in a bar scene it is jovial; to a stranger it would be rude. For a polite invitation use 飲のみませんか.

Common mistakes

  • Saying 薬くすりを食たべる. Pills are 薬くすりを飲のむ. 食たべる is for food you chew.
  • Saying タバコを飲のむ. Smoking uses 吸すう: タバコを吸すう.
  • Using the dictionary form before ください. 飲のむください is wrong; it has to be 飲のんでください.
  • Mixing up 飲のめない and 飲のまない. 飲のめない says you can't drink; 飲のまない says you don't drink. Pick the one that matches the truth.
  • Hearing 飲のみに行いく as "get tea." Without more context, it means alcohol.

One verb, many drinks

Situation What to say Note
Any drink 飲のむ the general verb
A drink (noun) 飲み物のみもの any beverage
Medicine 薬くすりを飲のむ English "take"
Soup スープを飲のむ swallowed, not chewed
Go out drinking 飲のみに行いく alcohol implied
Alcohol お酒さけ polite default
One drink 一杯いっぱい also means "full"
Can't drink 飲のめない ability, not choice

Practice

Answer each question before you open it. Questions 6 and 7 are a pair on 飲のめない versus 飲のまない.

1. Say "I drink coffee" politely.

Show answer

コーヒーを飲のみます — the polite form of 飲のむ with the object marked by を.

2. What is the te-form of 飲のむ, and what changed?

Show answer

飲のんで — む changes to んで, the same pattern as 読よんで and 休やすんで.

3. How do you say "a drink" as a noun?

Show answer

飲み物のみもの — the verb stem 飲のみ plus 物もの, "thing."

4. Ask "Did you take your medicine?"

Show answer

薬くすりを飲のみましたか — Japanese uses 飲のむ for medicine, where English says "take."

5. A friend says 今夜こんや、飲のみに行いかない? What are you being invited to?

Show answer

A night out with alcohol — 飲のみに行いく implies a bar or izakaya, not a café.

6. You are driving and cannot have alcohol. Which fits: 飲のめません or 飲のみません?

Show answer

飲のめません — it is about being unable to drink, not a general preference. It is the pair to question 7.

7. You never drink alcohol, as a personal choice. Which fits: 飲のめない or 飲のまない?

Show answer

飲のまない — it states a choice or habit. 飲のめない would suggest you are unable to.

8. Which verb goes with タバコ: 飲のむ or 吸すう?

Show answer

吸すう — タバコを吸すう. Smoking is breathing in, so 飲のむ does not apply.

9. What is wrong with 水みずを飲のむください?

Show answer

It uses the dictionary form. ください needs the te-form: 水みずを飲のんでください.

10. Which word is the usual polite choice for alcohol: 酒さけ or お酒さけ?

Show answer

お酒さけ — bare 酒さけ is blunt and also names sake itself.

Use a trial lesson to ask what drinks there are, then say you have taken your medicine, and notice that both use 飲のむ.

FAQ

Is 飲のむ the same as "to have" a drink? Mostly. 飲のむ is the standard verb for any drink, so "have a coffee" is コーヒーを飲のむ. Japanese does not borrow a "have" verb for drinks the way English does.

Can you use 食たべる for soup? For miso soup and similar, 飲のむ is the usual verb. 食たべる is natural when the soup has plenty of solid ingredients you chew, but 飲のむ is never wrong for the broth itself.

How do I politely turn down a drink? Say すみません、お酒さけは飲のめないんです, or just 今日きょうは大丈夫だいじょうぶです. Neither needs a long explanation. Hosts often offer a soft drink or tea instead.

What is the difference between 飲み物のみもの and 飲料いんりょう? 飲み物のみもの is the everyday word. 飲料いんりょう (いんりょう) is the formal or labeling word you see on packaging and signs, as in 清涼飲料水せいりょういんりょうすい (soft drink).

Does 飲のみに行いく always mean alcohol? Almost always when you hear it from colleagues or friends in the evening. If you mean a non-alcoholic drink, say コーヒーを飲のみに行いく to be clear.

Does 一杯いっぱい only mean "one drink"? No. 一杯いっぱい also means "full," as in お腹おなかいっぱい. Context makes it clear: a drink order uses it as a count.

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab — the first column becomes the front, the second the back.

飲む	のむ — to drink
飲み物	のみもの — a drink, beverage
薬	くすり — medicine
飲みに行く	のみにいく — to go out for a drink
お酒	おさけ — alcohol
日本酒	にほんしゅ — sake
一杯	いっぱい — one cup, one drink; full
乾杯	かんぱい — cheers, a toast
飲める	のめる — can drink
吸う	すう — to smoke, to inhale
飲み会	のみかい — a drinking party
飲料	いんりょう — beverage (formal)

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime, so most of the example sentences on this blog come from lines I've actually heard learners ask about, including the medicine and drinking phrases here. For practice with feedback, Book a trial lesson · $13, or work through Japanese practice exercises first.

Sources: the author's own lessons and standard reference grammars.

More drills like the ones above, plus a timed JLPT-style mock test: Practice · N5 · Read something at this level: JLPT N5 stories with audio

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