LESSON NOTES · レッスンノート

N5Lesson notes · Oct 9, 2026

Computer in Japanese: pasokon, konpyūtā and dennō

"Computer" in Japanese is パソコン (pasokon) in everyday life — short for パーソナルコンピューター — while コンピューター is the stiffer word for computers as technology, and 電脳でんのう is an old sci-fi word you will mostly meet in anime.

Searching "computer in Japanese" usually gets you コンピューター and nothing else. That is a real word, but if you say it at a friend's desk, you will sound like a textbook. This article sorts out which word goes where, how the shortening works, and which verbs go with it.

The basics

What is the everyday word for computer in Japanese?

It is パソコン (pasokon), and it means a personal computer: the laptop or desktop you use for work, study or games. The word is a clipped form of パーソナルコンピューター (pāsonaru konpyūtā), taking the front of each half.

パソコンを買かいたいです。 — I want to buy a computer. (polite, general) このパソコン、ちょっと重おもいです。 — This computer is a bit heavy. (polite, could be weight or slow speed, context decides)

In writing you will also see PC, read ピーシー. It is common in shop signs and product descriptions, and people say it aloud too, especially around hardware.

新あたらしいPCが欲ほしい。 — I want a new PC. (casual, spoken or written)

What do you call a laptop or a desktop?

A laptop is ノートパソコン (nōto pasokon), literally "notebook computer". A desktop is デスクトップ, often with パソコン after it. Among friends, ノートパソコン shrinks to ノーパソ.

ノートパソコンを持もってきました。 — I brought my laptop. (polite) ノーパソ、持もってる? — Do you have a laptop with you? (casual, shortened)

Notice that the word is not "laptop" at all. ラップトップ exists but sounds like product-catalogue language. ノートパソコン is what you will hear.

Which basic verbs go with パソコン?

Most computer verbs are a katakana noun plus する, or a short native verb. These are the ones learners need first.

パソコンの電源でんげんを入いれます。 — I turn on the computer. (polite, 電源でんげん = power, 入いれる = put in) パソコンの電源でんげんを切きります。 — I turn off the computer. (polite, 切きる = cut) このアプリを起動きどうします。 — I start this app. (polite, 起動きどうする = launch or boot) ファイルを保存ほぞんしましたか。 — Did you save the file? (polite) 写真しゃしんをダウンロードしました。 — I downloaded the photos. (polite)

Power is "put in" and "cut", not "open" and "close". That surprises English speakers, and it is the reason 電源でんげんをつける and 電源でんげんを消けす also exist as everyday alternatives. Use the pair above and you will be understood everywhere.

Beyond the basics

When do you actually use コンピューター?

Use コンピューター when you talk about computers as a concept or a technology: the history of computing, how a computer works, a school subject, a general category in a news article.

コンピューターは計算けいさんがとても速はやいです。 — Computers are very fast at calculating. (polite, general statement) 兄あにはコンピューターの仕事しごとをしています。 — My older brother works in computers. (polite, field or industry)

For the machine on your desk, パソコン is the default. Calling it コンピューター in casual talk is not wrong, but it can sound stiff or oddly technical, a bit like saying "my personal computing device" in English.

What about 電脳でんのう?

電脳でんのう (dennō) literally means "electric brain". In the real world it is dated. In fiction it carries a sci-fi flavour: characters with brain implants, a network you can dive into, a hacker who "dives" into someone's mind. Anime and manga use it for that retro-future feeling, so you will meet it far more in stories than in a conversation about buying a laptop.

彼かれは電脳でんのうに侵入しんにゅうした。 — He broke into the cyberbrain. (written, anime and sci-fi style)

There is a loose link to Akihabara, whose nickname is 電気街でんきがい (denkigai, "electric town"). The 電でん in both words is "electricity", but 電気街でんきがい comes from the shops selling electrical goods, not from computers, so treat that as a shared character rather than a shared origin.

How does the shortening trick work?

パソコン is a good example of a very common katakana pattern: take two beats from the front of each half of a long loanword and join them. The long vowel in パーソナル is dropped along the way.

  • パーソナル + コンピューター → パソ + コン → パソコン
  • リモート + コントロール → リモ + コン → リモコン (remote control)
  • エアー + コンディショナー → エア + コン → エアコン (air conditioner)
  • スマート + フォン → スマ + ホ → スマホ (smartphone)

Most of these come out as four beats: pa-so-ko-n, ri-mo-ko-n, e-a-ko-n. スマホ is the exception with three, and it follows a similar clipping idea rather than the strict two-plus-two rule. If you learn the pattern, new words like these stop feeling random. For phones, the same logic is covered in phone in Japanese: sumaho and denwa.

How do you talk about PC parts in Akihabara?

In the electronics shops of Akihabara, you will hear 自作じさくPC (jisaku PC), a computer you assemble yourself from separate parts. The parts are パーツ. Shop staff are used to people asking about them, so short, clear questions work well.

自作じさくPCのパーツを探さがしています。 — I am looking for parts for a self-built PC. (polite, at a shop counter) このパーツ、パソコンに入はいりますか。 — Will this part fit in my computer? (polite, asking about compatibility) ケースを開あけて、中なかを見みてもいいですか。 — May I open the case and look inside? (polite, only if the shop allows it)

More ready-made lines for shopping are in Japanese shop phrases for Akihabara, and the slang you may overhear is in otaku slang in Japanese.

Common mistakes

  • Using コンピューター for your own laptop in casual speech. It is understood, but it sounds stiff. Say パソコン, or ノートパソコン if you want to be specific.
  • Mixing up 開あける and 開ひらく with a laptop. Opening a laptop lid, or opening a file on screen, is normally 開ひらく: ノートパソコンを開ひらく, ファイルを開ひらく. 開あける fits when you open something like a case or a box, as in ケースを開あける. People do say パソコンを開あける too, so you will hear it, but 開ひらく is the safer choice. The full difference is explained in open in Japanese: akeru and aku.
  • Trying to "open" and "close" the power. The power goes in and out: 電源でんげんを入いれる and 電源でんげんを切きる. 電源でんげんを開あける is not a phrase.
  • Worrying about コンピュータ versus コンピューター. Both spellings are real. The version without the final long mark is common in technical writing and manuals, and the version with it is common in everyday writing, news and the way most people type it. Neither is a mistake, but pick one and keep it the same within a document. Dictionaries list both.
  • Writing the long vowel in the wrong place. The first long vowel is in パーソナル, but the clipped パソコン has none. Writing パーソコン or パソコーン is a spelling error.

Computer words at a glance

Word Reading Feel Typical use
コンピューター konpyūtā Stiff, technical Computers as a concept or industry
パソコン pasokon Everyday, safe default Your own laptop or desktop
PC ピーシー Everyday, short Shop signs, gaming, parts talk
ノートパソコン nōto pasokon Neutral Laptop
ノーパソ nōpaso Casual, friends Laptop in a quick chat
電脳でんのう dennō Old-fashioned, sci-fi Anime, manga, cyberpunk stories

Practice

Build each answer before opening it. Questions 4 and 5 are a pair — the same device, two different actions.

1. What is the normal everyday word for a personal computer, and what does it come from?

Show answer

パソコン — a clipped form of パーソナルコンピューター: パソ + コン.

2. Say "I want to buy a laptop." Use the neutral word.

Show answer

ノートパソコンを買かいたいです — ノートパソコン is the neutral word for a laptop, and 買かいたい means "want to buy".

3. Which word is better in a talk about the history of computing: パソコン or コンピューター?

Show answer

コンピューター — it refers to computers as a technology or a concept, while パソコン points to the personal machine.

4. Say "I turn on the computer."

Show answer

パソコンの電源でんげんを入いれます — power is "put in", so 入いれる is the verb. This is the pair to question 5.

5. Say "I turn off the computer."

Show answer

パソコンの電源でんげんを切きります — power is "cut", so 切きる is the verb. It is the opposite action to 入いれる in question 4.

6. Which is more natural for opening a laptop lid: パソコンを開ひらく or 電源でんげんを開あける?

Show answer

パソコンを開ひらく — 開ひらく is natural for a laptop or a file. 電源でんげんを開あける is not a real phrase, because power is turned on or off, not opened.

7. What are the two shortened words formed from リモート + コントロール and エアー + コンディショナー?

Show answer

リモコン and エアコン — both take two beats from the front of each half, the same pattern as パソ + コン.

8. Is it wrong to write コンピュータ without the final long vowel mark?

Show answer

No, both spellings exist — コンピュータ is common in technical writing and コンピューター in everyday writing. Pick one and stay consistent.

9. Ask "I am looking for parts for a self-built PC."

Show answer

自作じさくPCのパーツを探さがしています — 自作じさく means self-made, パーツ means parts, and 探さがしています is the polite "am looking for".

10. In which kind of story are you most likely to meet the word 電脳でんのう?

Show answer

Sci-fi anime or manga — 電脳でんのう means "electric brain" and sounds old-fashioned in real conversation, but suits cyberpunk settings.

FAQ

Is パソコン the same as PC in Japanese? Almost. PC (ピーシー) is the short written form and is also spoken. パソコン is the natural spoken word for a personal computer, and PC is used a lot around parts, gaming and product names.

Can I just say コンピューター to a Japanese friend? You will be understood, but it can sound stiff or very technical. Use パソコン for the machine in front of you and keep コンピューター for the general idea of computers.

Does パソコン include Macs and tablets? In practice パソコン covers laptops and desktops, and many people also use it for Mac computers. A tablet is usually タブレット, and a phone is スマホ.

Is ノーパソ rude? No. It is casual, like saying "laptop" instead of "laptop computer", and fine with friends. In a shop or at work, ノートパソコン is a safer choice.

Why is it パソコン and not パーソコン? When Japanese clips a loanword, long vowels in the part that is kept are often dropped. パーソナル becomes パソ, so the shortened form has no long mark.

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab, and each line becomes one card.

パソコン	パソコン — personal computer
コンピューター	コンピューター — computer (as technology)
ノートパソコン	ノートパソコン — laptop
ノーパソ	ノーパソ — laptop (casual)
電脳	でんのう — cyberbrain, electric brain (sci-fi)
電気街	でんきがい — electric town (Akihabara's nickname)
電源	でんげん — power supply, power
入れる	いれる — to put in, to turn on
切る	きる — to cut, to turn off
起動する	きどうする — to launch, to boot up
保存する	ほぞんする — to save
ダウンロードする	ダウンロードする — to download
開く	ひらく — to open (a lid, a file)
開ける	あける — to open (a case, a box)
自作	じさく — self-made, self-built
パーツ	パーツ — parts
リモコン	リモコン — remote control
エアコン	エアコン — air conditioner
スマホ	スマホ — smartphone

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime, so the words in this blog are the ones I end up explaining again and again in lessons — computer words included, because learners often arrive knowing only コンピューター. For practice with feedback, Book a trial lesson · $13, or work through Japanese practice exercises first.

Sources: the author's own lessons and standard reference grammars.

More drills like the ones above, plus a timed JLPT-style mock test: Practice · N5 · Read something at this level: JLPT N5 stories with audio

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