LESSON NOTES · レッスンノート

N5Lesson notes · Oct 4, 2026

Book in Japanese: 本ほん (ほん), 冊さつ, 文庫本ぶんこぼん, and the Japanese word for unread books, 積読つんどく

Book in Japanese is 本ほん (ほん, hon), and books are counted with 冊さつ (さつ): 一冊いっさつ, 二冊にさつ. A bookstore is 本屋ほんや (ほんや), a library is 図書館としょかん (としょかん), and the Japanese word for buying books and leaving them unread in a pile is 積読つんどく (つんどく).

Japan has a strong book culture, from pocket-sized paperbacks read on trains to manga volumes and huge bookstores. The vocabulary reflects that: special words for book formats, a custom of wrapping books in paper covers, a word for reading in the store without buying, and the famous 積読つんどく, which many book lovers recognize in themselves. This post covers the essentials.

How do you say "book" in Japanese?

What is the basic word?

本ほん (ほん) is "book". The verb is 読よむ (よむ), "to read".

毎晩まいばん、本ほんを読よみます。 — I read a book every night. (polite) この本ほん、おもしろいよ。 — This book is interesting. (casual, a recommendation)

本ほん also means "real" or "main" in words like 本当ほんとう (really) and 本気ほんき (serious), and it is a counter for long thin objects. Context keeps these apart. Our post on read in Japanese covers 読よむ.

How do you count books?

Books are counted with 冊さつ (さつ): 一冊いっさつ (いっさつ), 二冊にさつ (にさつ), 三冊さんさつ (さんさつ).

図書館としょかんで本ほんを三冊さんさつ借かりた。 — I borrowed three books from the library. (neutral)

冊さつ is used for books, notebooks and magazines. Our counters guide explains the sound changes, like いっさつ.

Where do you buy and borrow books?

Word Reading Meaning
本屋ほんや ほんや bookstore
書店しょてん しょてん bookstore (formal)
図書館としょかん としょかん library
古本屋ふるほんや ふるほんや used bookstore
本棚ほんだな ほんだな bookshelf

駅前えきまえの本屋ほんやに寄よった。 — I stopped by the bookstore in front of the station. (casual)

古本屋ふるほんや, used bookstores, are a big part of Japanese book culture, with whole neighborhoods full of them in some cities.

Beyond the basics

What kinds of books are there?

Word Reading Meaning
小説しょうせつ しょうせつ novel
漫画まんが まんが manga, comics
雑誌ざっし ざっし magazine
絵本えほん えほん picture book
文庫本ぶんこぼん ぶんこぼん pocket paperback
単行本たんこうぼん たんこうぼん standalone volume (usually the first book edition)

文庫本ぶんこぼんはかばんに入いれやすい。 — Pocket paperbacks fit easily in a bag. (neutral)

文庫本ぶんこぼん are small, light paperbacks, often published a few years after a book first comes out. 単行本たんこうぼん is a standalone book, and for manga it means a collected volume, as opposed to the weekly magazine where chapters first appear.

Why do some Japanese books open from the "back"?

Many novels and all manga are written vertically, 縦書たてがき (たてがき), and read from right to left, so the cover is on what English readers think of as the back.

この本ほんは縦書たてがきだから、右みぎから読よむ。 — This book is written vertically, so you read it from the right. (neutral)

Textbooks, science books and many business books use horizontal writing, 横書よこがき (よこがき), and open like English books. Novels, newspapers and manga usually use 縦書たてがき. The first time you pick up a manga volume, flipping to the "last" page to start feels strange, but it soon becomes natural. Our post on Japanese writing systems explains more about how Japanese is written.

What is 積読つんどく?

積読つんどく (つんどく) is buying books and letting them pile up unread.

積読つんどくが増ふえすぎて、本棚ほんだなに入はいらない。 — My unread pile has grown so much it won't fit on the shelf. (casual, a book lover's confession)

It combines 積つむ (つむ, to stack) and 読よむ (to read), with a playful twist. The word has become known outside Japan too, because so many readers recognize the habit.

What is 立ち読たちよみ?

立ち読たちよみ (たちよみ) is reading in a store while standing, without buying.

コンビニで雑誌ざっしを立ち読たちよみした。 — I read a magazine standing in the convenience store. (casual)

Some stores allow it, others wrap their books and manga in plastic to prevent it. It is a familiar part of Japanese daily life, especially at convenience stores.

Why do bookstores ask about a cover?

Many Japanese bookstores offer a free paper cover, a ブックカバー, when you buy a book.

カバーをおかけしますか。 — Would you like a cover on it? (very polite, a bookstore clerk) はい、お願ねがいします。 — Yes, please. (polite)

The cover keeps the book clean and hides the title from people around you on the train. If you do not want one, say 大丈夫だいじょうぶです. Our post on please in Japanese covers how to say yes or no politely.

What does 本ほんの虫むし mean?

本ほんの虫むし (ほんのむし), "a book bug", is a bookworm.

彼女かのじょは本ほんの虫むしだ。 — She's a real bookworm. (casual)

It matches the English idiom closely. 読書家どくしょか (どくしょか) is a more neutral word for an avid reader.

What is 読書どくしょ?

読書どくしょ (どくしょ) is reading as an activity or hobby.

趣味しゅみは読書どくしょです。 — My hobby is reading. (polite, a classic self-introduction line)

趣味しゅみは読書どくしょです is a very common hobby answer in Japanese self-introductions. Our post on hobbies vocabulary has more.

Common mistakes

  • Counting books with つ or 本ほん. Use 冊さつ: 一冊いっさつ.
  • Reading 一冊いっさつ as いちさつ. It is いっさつ.
  • Thinking 単行本たんこうぼん means a single book only. For manga, it means a collected volume.
  • Reading 積読つんどく as せきどく. It is つんどく.
  • Forgetting that 本ほん has other meanings. 本当ほんとう and 本気ほんき have nothing to do with books.

Quick comparison

Word Reading Meaning
本ほん ほん book
冊さつ さつ counter for books
本屋ほんや ほんや bookstore
図書館としょかん としょかん library
小説しょうせつ しょうせつ novel
文庫本ぶんこぼん ぶんこぼん pocket paperback
積読つんどく つんどく pile of unread books
立ち読たちよみ たちよみ reading in a store

Practice

Try each answer yourself before opening it. Questions 5 and 6 are a pair: two bookish habits.

1. Say politely "I read a book every night."

Show answer

毎晩まいばん、本ほんを読よみます

2. How do you count three books?

Show answer

三冊さんさつ (さんさつ)

3. What is a library?

Show answer

図書館としょかん (としょかん)

4. What is a small pocket paperback called?

Show answer

文庫本ぶんこぼん (ぶんこぼん)

5. You keep buying books but never read them. What is the pile called?

Show answer

積読つんどく (つんどく)

6. You read a magazine in a shop without buying it. What is that?

Show answer

立ち読たちよみ (たちよみ) — This is the pair to question 5.

7. A clerk asks カバーをおかけしますか. What is being offered?

Show answer

A free paper cover for the book

8. What is a bookworm in Japanese?

Show answer

本ほんの虫むし (ほんのむし)

9. Say "My hobby is reading" in a self-introduction.

Show answer

趣味しゅみは読書どくしょです

10. For manga, what is a collected volume called?

Show answer

単行本たんこうぼん (たんこうぼん)

If you own a stack of unread Japanese books, call it 積読つんどく and tell me what is on it, counting with 冊さつ, in a trial lesson.

FAQ

What is the hiragana for book? ほん.

What is the difference between 本屋ほんや and 書店しょてん? They mean the same thing. 本屋ほんや is casual; 書店しょてん is more formal and common in store names.

How do you say "e-book"? 電子でんし書籍しょせき (でんししょせき), or 電子でんし書籍しょせきで読よむ, "read as an e-book".

What is a 参考書さんこうしょ? 参考書さんこうしょ (さんこうしょ) is a study guide or reference book, often for exams.

How do you say "I borrowed a book"? 本ほんを借かりた (ほんをかりた). "I lent a book" is 本ほんを貸かした. Our post on lend and borrow explains the pair.

What is a 作家さっか? 作家さっか (さっか) is an author or writer.

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab — the first column becomes the front, the second the back.

本	ほん — book
冊	さつ — counter for books
本屋	ほんや — bookstore
書店	しょてん — bookstore (formal)
図書館	としょかん — library
古本屋	ふるほんや — used bookstore
本棚	ほんだな — bookshelf
小説	しょうせつ — novel
雑誌	ざっし — magazine
絵本	えほん — picture book
文庫本	ぶんこぼん — pocket paperback
単行本	たんこうぼん — standalone volume
積読	つんどく — pile of unread books
立ち読み	たちよみ — reading in a store
本の虫	ほんのむし — bookworm
読書	どくしょ — reading (as a hobby)
縦書き	たてがき — vertical writing
横書き	よこがき — horizontal writing

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime, so most of the example sentences on this blog come from lines I've actually heard students ask about. 積読つんどく is one of my favorite words to teach, because many learners who buy Japanese textbooks have a small stack of their own. For practice with feedback, Book a trial lesson · $13, or work through Japanese practice exercises first.

Sources: the author's own lessons and standard Japanese dictionaries.

More drills like the ones above, plus a timed JLPT-style mock test: Practice · N5 · Read something at this level: JLPT N5 stories with audio

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