LESSON NOTES · レッスンノート

N5Lesson notes · Oct 4, 2026

Baby in Japanese: 赤あかちゃん (あかちゃん), 抱だっこ, いないいないばあ, and the ベビーカー

"Baby" in Japanese is 赤あかちゃん (あかちゃん, akachan), literally "little red one", because newborns look pink and red. Holding a baby is 抱だっこ (だっこ), carrying one on your back is おんぶ, crawling is ハイハイ, and peekaboo is いないいないばあ.

Babies come with their own warm, soft vocabulary in Japanese, full of repeated sounds and gentle words. If a friend or coworker has a baby, a few of these phrases make conversation much easier, and they also show up all the time in anime and family dramas. This post covers the words for babies, the things babies do, the phrases adults say to them, and how to congratulate new parents.

How do you say "baby" in Japanese?

What is 赤あかちゃん?

赤あかちゃん (あかちゃん) is the everyday word for a baby. 赤あか means "red", and ちゃん is the affectionate suffix.

赤あかちゃんが生うまれました。 — The baby was born. (polite, sharing news) かわいい赤あかちゃんですね。 — What a cute baby. (polite, the classic compliment)

ちゃん is the same suffix used for children's names. Our post on honorifics explains it.

What other words for "baby" are there?

Word Reading Meaning Feel
赤あかちゃん あかちゃん baby warm, everyday
赤ん坊あかんぼう あかんぼう baby neutral, a little old-fashioned
新生児しんせいじ しんせいじ newborn medical, formal
乳児にゅうじ にゅうじ infant (under one) formal, official
ベビー ベビー baby (products) loanword

病院びょういんで新生児しんせいじを見みた。 — I saw the newborns at the hospital. (neutral)

In conversation, 赤あかちゃん is almost always the right choice. 新生児しんせいじ and 乳児にゅうじ appear in hospitals, government forms and parenting books.

What do babies do?

Babies have their own verbs and sound words.

Word Reading Meaning
ハイハイ ハイハイ crawling
よちよち よちよち toddling
夜泣よなき よなき crying at night
寝返ねがえり ねがえり rolling over
人見知ひとみしり ひとみしり shyness with strangers

赤あかちゃんがハイハイを始はじめた。 — The baby started crawling. (casual) 最近さいきん、夜泣よなきが大変たいへんだ。 — The night crying has been tough lately. (casual, a common parent complaint)

人見知ひとみしり is when a baby starts crying at unfamiliar faces. The same word describes shy adults, as our post on hitomishiri explains.

Beyond the basics

What are 抱だっこ and おんぶ?

抱だっこ (だっこ) is holding a baby in your arms; おんぶ is carrying a baby or child on your back.

抱だっこしてもいいですか。 — May I hold the baby? (polite, asking a parent) おんぶして! — Carry me on your back! (casual, a child to a parent)

抱だっこしてもいいですか is the polite way to ask to hold someone's baby. Our post on asking permission explains the 〜てもいいですか pattern.

What do adults say to babies?

A few soft phrases come up again and again.

いないいないばあ! — Peekaboo! (playful, hiding and showing your face) よしよし、いい子こだね。 — There, there, good baby. (gentle, soothing)

いないいない means "not here, not here", and ばあ is the reveal. よしよし is a soothing sound, often with a pat on the head.

How do you congratulate new parents?

Say ご出産しゅっさんおめでとうございます, "congratulations on the birth".

ご出産しゅっさんおめでとうございます。 — Congratulations on the birth of your baby. (polite, the standard phrase) 赤あかちゃん、男の子おとこのこ?女の子おんなのこ? — Is the baby a boy or a girl? (casual, between friends)

出産しゅっさん (しゅっさん) is "giving birth". Gifts for a new baby are 出産しゅっさん祝いわい (しゅっさんいわい). Our post on congratulations in Japanese has more celebration phrases.

Why is a stroller called a ベビーカー?

ベビーカー, "baby car", is a Japanese-made English word for a stroller or pram.

ベビーカーで散歩さんぽに行いった。 — I went for a walk with the stroller. (casual)

It is one of many 和製わせい英語えいご (わせいえいご), English-looking words made in Japan. Our post on wasei-eigo lists more.

What are お宮みや参まいり and お食くい初ぞめ?

Two traditional milestones for a new baby: お宮みや参まいり (おみやまいり), the first visit to a shrine, about a month after birth, and お食くい初ぞめ (おくいぞめ), the "first meal" ceremony, around the hundredth day.

来週らいしゅう、娘むすめのお宮みや参まいりに行いきます。 — We're taking our daughter for her first shrine visit next week. (polite)

At お食くい初ぞめ, the baby is not really fed a meal; family members hold food to the baby's lips as a wish that the child will never go hungry. Many families take photos in traditional clothes for these days. Our post on god in Japanese has more shrine vocabulary.

What is 赤あかちゃん返がえり?

赤あかちゃん返がえり (あかちゃんがえり), "going back to being a baby", is when an older child acts babyish after a new sibling is born.

弟おとうとが生うまれて、娘むすめが赤あかちゃん返がえりしている。 — Since her baby brother was born, my daughter has been acting like a baby again. (casual)

It is a common topic among parents, and the word is used playfully about adults too.

How are babies used in compliments?

Adults sometimes describe very soft skin or innocent faces with 赤あかちゃん.

赤あかちゃんみたいな肌はだだね。 — Your skin is as soft as a baby's. (casual, a compliment)

This is a natural compliment. Calling a romantic partner "baby" in the English sense, though, does not translate; Japanese couples use names or nicknames.

Common mistakes

  • Using 新生児しんせいじ in casual conversation. It sounds medical. Say 赤あかちゃん.
  • Calling a partner 赤あかちゃん like English "baby". It sounds strange. Use their name.
  • Expecting ベビーカー to be a car. It is a stroller.
  • Forgetting the small っ in 抱だっこ. It is だっこ, not だこ.
  • Saying おめでとう without ご出産しゅっさん in formal situations. ご出産しゅっさんおめでとうございます is the full polite phrase.

Quick comparison

Word Reading Meaning
赤あかちゃん あかちゃん baby
新生児しんせいじ しんせいじ newborn
抱だっこ だっこ holding in your arms
おんぶ おんぶ carrying on your back
ハイハイ ハイハイ crawling
いないいないばあ いないいないばあ peekaboo
ご出産しゅっさんおめでとうございます ごしゅっさんおめでとうございます congratulations on the birth
ベビーカー ベビーカー stroller

Practice

Try each answer yourself before opening it. Questions 4 and 5 are a pair: two ways to carry a child.

1. Compliment a baby politely.

Show answer

かわいい赤あかちゃんですね

2. What does 赤あか in 赤あかちゃん mean?

Show answer

Red — newborns look red.

3. What is the medical word for a newborn?

Show answer

新生児しんせいじ (しんせいじ)

4. You hold a baby in your arms. Which word?

Show answer

抱だっこ (だっこ)

5. You carry a child on your back. Which word?

Show answer

おんぶ — on your back. This is the pair to question 4.

6. Ask a parent politely if you may hold their baby.

Show answer

抱だっこしてもいいですか

7. The baby started crawling. Say it casually.

Show answer

赤あかちゃんがハイハイを始はじめた

8. What do you say while hiding your face and then showing it to a baby?

Show answer

いないいないばあ!

9. Congratulate a coworker on the birth of their baby.

Show answer

ご出産しゅっさんおめでとうございます

10. What is a stroller in Japanese?

Show answer

ベビーカー — a Japanese-made English word.

Practise いないいないばあ and a few gentle phrases for a baby in a trial lesson so they are ready the next time you meet one.

FAQ

What is the hiragana for baby? あかちゃん.

How do you say "I'm pregnant"? 妊娠にんしんしています (にんしんしています). The baby is due: 予定日よていびは〇月つきです, "the due date is in 〇".

How do you say "baby boy" and "baby girl"? 男の子おとこのこ (おとこのこ) and 女の子おんなのこ (おんなのこ): 男おとこの赤あかちゃん, 女おんなの赤あかちゃん.

What is a 赤あかちゃん言葉ことば? Baby talk, like ワンワン for a dog or ブーブー for a car.

What is 子育こそだて? 子育こそだて (こそだて) is raising children, parenting.

What does ばぶばぶ mean? It is a cute sound for a baby babbling, often used in comics.

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab — the first column becomes the front, the second the back.

赤ちゃん	あかちゃん — baby
赤ん坊	あかんぼう — baby (neutral)
新生児	しんせいじ — newborn
抱っこ	だっこ — holding in your arms
おんぶ	おんぶ — carrying on your back
ハイハイ	ハイハイ — crawling
夜泣き	よなき — crying at night
人見知り	ひとみしり — shyness with strangers
いないいないばあ	いないいないばあ — peekaboo
よしよし	よしよし — there, there
出産	しゅっさん — giving birth
出産祝い	しゅっさんいわい — gift for a new baby
ベビーカー	ベビーカー — stroller
赤ちゃん返り	あかちゃんがえり — acting babyish again
妊娠	にんしん — pregnancy
子育て	こそだて — raising children
お宮参り	おみやまいり — baby's first shrine visit
お食い初め	おくいぞめ — baby's first-meal ceremony

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime, so most of the example sentences on this blog come from lines I've actually heard students ask about. Baby words are some of the softest and most fun in Japanese, and いないいないばあ is a fun one to try the next time you meet a baby. For practice with feedback, Book a trial lesson · $13, or work through Japanese practice exercises first.

Sources: the author's own lessons and standard Japanese dictionaries.

More drills like the ones above, plus a timed JLPT-style mock test: Practice · N5 · Read something at this level: JLPT N5 stories with audio

More “People, Feelings & Everyday Life in Japanese” articles →

Want to try this in a real conversation?

30-minute trial lesson, $13. Times shown in your own timezone.

Practice it out loud with a Tokyo native. ★5.0 from 358 italki reviews.

See how the lessons work →

Book a trial lesson · $13