LESSON NOTES · レッスンノート

N4Lesson notes · Sep 30, 2026

Stop in Japanese: やめて vs 止とまって — quitting and halting are different verbs

"Stop" in Japanese splits three ways: やめる means you quit an action, 止とまる means something halts on its own, and 止やめる means you make something halt.

English uses one word for all of it. "Stop that," "the train stopped," and "stop the car" are the same verb. Japanese asks you to decide first: is this about an action I am giving up, a thing that halts, or a thing I am halting? Once you can answer that, the rest is just picking from a short list.

The basics

What does やめる mean?

やめる means to stop doing something, quit it, or give it up. The thing you stop is an activity, a habit, or a job. It is a will-based verb: a person decides.

タバコをやめた。 — I quit smoking. (plain past, permanent quit) もうやめて! — Stop it already! (casual, said to a person who is doing something) 会社かいしゃをやめました。 — I quit my company. (polite, more often written 辞やめる)

Notice that the "stop" here is aimed at a behaviour, not at motion. Nothing physical has to be moving for やめる to work.

What does 止とまる mean, and what is 止やめる?

止とまる (とまる) is the intransitive verb: something stops moving. 止やめる (とめる) is the transitive one: someone stops something. If you have met the pair concept before, this is the same idea as in our guide to transitive and intransitive verbs.

電車でんしゃが止とまった。 — The train stopped. (plain past, the train is the subject) 車くるまを止とめてください。 — Please stop the car. (polite request, you are the one stopping it) 止とまれ。 — Stop. (the command written on Japanese road signs)

The particle tells you which verb you need. が goes with 止とまる because the thing is doing the stopping. を goes with 止やめる because you are acting on the thing.

Here is the comparison in one table

Word Reading Type What stops Example
やめる やめる transitive (will) an action or habit 食たべるのをやめる
止とまる とまる intransitive a moving thing バスが止とまる
止やめる とめる transitive a moving thing バスを止やめる
止やめる やめる transitive (will) an action or habit 話はなすのを止やめる
停止ていし ていし noun (written) a system or service 運転うんてん停止ていし
ストップ ストップ loanword anything, casual ストップ!

Yes, the fourth row is not a typo, and it is where most learners fall off the map. Read on.

Beyond the basics

Why are やめて and 止とめて the same characters with different meanings?

止やめる has two readings. Read as とめる it means to halt something physical. Read as やめる it means to quit an action. Both can be written 止やめる, so on paper 止とめて can be either とめて or やめて. Writers often switch to hiragana やめる for the quitting sense so nobody has to guess.

ここで車くるまを止とめて。 — Stop the car here. (casual command, read とめて) もう止とめて。 — Stop it now. (casual command, read やめて; hiragana やめて is safer)

If you type the sound into your phone as やめて, you get the quitting verb. If you type とめて, you get the halting one. Same word on paper, two different verbs in the mouth, which is exactly the place where a learner reads a sign and reaches for the wrong one.

How do you say "don't do that"?

You have two clean options, and both are very common. Use 〜ないでください for a polite request and 〜ないで for casual speech.

ここで写真しゃしんを撮とらないでください。 — Please don't take photos here. (polite, a common sign at museums) 行いかないで。 — Don't go. (casual, the kind of line you hear in emotional drama scenes)

The difference from やめて is small but real. やめて stops something already happening. 〜ないで prevents something that has not happened yet. If a person is already reaching for your phone, you say やめて. If they look like they are about to, you say 触ふらないで.

How do you say "stop doing X"?

Use a verb in the dictionary form plus のをやめる or ことをやめる. This works for "stop eating," "stop worrying," or "give up on the idea."

夜よるにコーヒーを飲のむのをやめた。 — I stopped drinking coffee at night. (plain past, a habit change) 心配しんぱいするのをやめなさい。 — Stop worrying. (firm command, parent-to-child tone)

The choice between の and こと follows the usual nominalizer rules; our note on こと vs の as nominalizers covers when each feels natural. In everyday speech, のをやめる is by far the more common of the two.

Is there a softer way to say "I'll skip it"?

Yes. やめておく means to refrain, to decide against something for now. It is what you say when someone offers you a third drink.

今日きょうはやめておきます。 — I'll pass today. (polite, gentle refusal) やめとく。 — I'll pass. (casual, contracted form)

It is worth learning early because it is a very Japanese way to say no without sounding blunt.

What about ストップ and 停止ていし?

ストップ is the English loanword, and it is casual. You hear it in sport, in games, and from a teacher who wants a room to freeze. 停止ていし (ていし) is the written, formal noun for a stop, and you meet it on screens and signs.

ストップ! ちょっと待まって。 — Stop! Hold on a second. (casual, with a sense of "freeze") 電車でんしゃが一時停止いちじていしした。 — The train made a temporary stop. (written style, news wording)

A road sign in Japan is a red triangle that reads 止とまれ, and a paused video will usually show 一時停止いちじていし. The verb is spoken, the noun is written. When you want the other half of this situation, asking someone to hold on rather than halt, see our note on 待まって and its cousins.

How strong do やめろ and やめて sound in anime?

This is where the ending changes the whole feel of the line, and it is where anime gives you the clearest lessons.

やめろ! — Stop it! (rough, male-coded command, common in fights) やめてー! — Stop it! (softer, pleading, often drawn out for effect) やめなさい。 — Stop that. (firm, parent or teacher voice) やめてください。 — Please stop. (polite, a real request and not a plea)

Watch for the vowel. やめろ ends on a hard "ro" and reads as an order. やめて ends on a soft "te" and reads as a request or a cry. And やめてよ with よ added is a whine of annoyance between friends, not a fight scene. You can hear the difference before you can read it.

Common mistakes

  • Saying 車くるまを止とまる. 止とまる cannot take を. Use 車くるまが止とまる (the car stops) or 車くるまを止やめる (you stop the car).
  • Using 止とまって when you mean "stop doing that." 止とまって is for something moving. To end an action, use やめて.
  • Using やめる for a broken machine. A machine that halts by itself uses 止とまる: エレベーターが止とまった. Nobody やめる-ed it.
  • Forgetting that rain has its own word. For rain stopping, Japanese says 雨あめがやんだ, with the verb やむ, not 雨あめが止とまった.
  • Getting the pair wrong when you talk about a habit. タバコを止とまる is not Japanese. Use タバコをやめる.
  • Using 停止ていし in casual talk. It reads as a system message. Between friends, ストップ or やめて is normal.

Practice

Build the answer before opening it. Questions 1 and 2 are a pair, and so are 4 and 5, because the same character 止し gives two different verbs.

1. Fill in the blank with が or を: 電車でんしゃ ___ 止とまった。

Show answer

が — the train is the thing that stops, so it takes が with the intransitive 止とまる.

2. Fill in the blank with が or を: 車くるま ___ 止とめてください。

Show answer

を — here you are stopping the car, so it takes を with the transitive 止やめる.

3. Say "I quit smoking" casually (plain past), using the verb for quitting a habit.

Show answer

タバコをやめた — やめる takes an action or habit as its object, so it fits a permanent quit.

4. A friend keeps tapping your shoulder while you read. Which word do you say?

Show answer

やめて — the tapping is an action already happening, and you want it to end.

5. You are in a taxi and want the driver to pull over. Which word do you say?

Show answer

ここで止とめてください (とめてください) — the driver has to halt the car, so it is the halting verb with を. Written in kanji, question 4's やめて is also 止とめて — same characters, different reading.

6. How do you politely ask someone not to take photos?

Show answer

写真しゃしんを撮とらないでください — the negative te-form plus ください forbids something that has not happened yet.

7. What is wrong with 電車でんしゃを止とまった?

Show answer

止とまる is intransitive, so it cannot take を. Use 電車でんしゃが止とまった (the train stopped) or 電車でんしゃを止とめた (someone stopped it).

8. You are offered a fourth drink and want to say "I'll pass" politely. What do you say?

Show answer

今日きょうはやめておきます — やめておく is a soft way of deciding against something for now.

9. Which sounds stronger in an anime fight scene, やめろ or やめて?

Show answer

やめろ — the ろ ending is a rough command. やめて is softer and closer to a plea.

10. You read the sign 止とまれ at a crossing. Is it a command to a person, or a description of a thing?

Show answer

A command to the person — 止とまれ is the command form of 止とまる, so it tells the traffic to halt.

Use a trial lesson to ask a friend to stop with やめて, then say 電車でんしゃが止とまった and 車くるまを止とめた, choosing between 止とまる and 止やめる each time.

FAQ

Is やめる the same as 辞やめる? They share the sound. 辞やめる is written when you leave a job or position (会社かいしゃを辞やめる), and やめる in hiragana or 止やめる covers quitting an action or habit. In speech nobody can hear the difference.

Can I say 止とまって to a person who keeps talking? You can, but it sounds like you are asking them to physically freeze. To ask someone to stop talking or acting, use やめて or 〜ないで.

Is ストップ rude? No, but it is casual. It fits a quick warning or a game, and it is a bit blunt in polite conversation. In a shop, やめてください or 〜ないでください is safer.

How do I say "stop it" in the most polite way? Use やめてください, or 〜するのをお控ひかえください for signs and announcements, which is a formal way of asking people to refrain. For staff and customers, that is the standard register.

Does 〜なくてもいい mean stop? No. It means you don't have to do something. For that, see なくてもいい. A person who says やめてもいい is saying quitting is allowed, which is a different idea.

Which is better to learn first, やめる or 止とまる? やめる, because you use it in daily talk when you want people to stop doing something. 止とまる and 止やめる come next, and they show up on signs and in travel.

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab — the first column becomes the front, the second the back.

やめる	やめる — to stop doing, to quit
止まる	とまる — to stop (by itself)
止める	とめる — to stop (something), to halt
止まれ	とまれ — stop (road sign command)
辞める	やめる — to quit (a job)
タバコ	タバコ — cigarette, tobacco
停止	ていし — stoppage, halt
一時停止	いちじていし — temporary stop, pause
ストップ	ストップ — stop (loanword)
やむ	やむ — to stop (rain)
やめておく	やめておく — to refrain, to pass on
写真	しゃしん — photo
心配する	しんぱいする — to worry

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime, so most of the example sentences on this blog come from lines I've actually heard students ask about — including this one, where one kanji with two readings trips up learners at nearly every level. For practice with feedback, Book a trial lesson · $13, or work through Japanese practice exercises first.

Sources: the author's own lessons and standard reference grammars.

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