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N5Lesson notes · Oct 9, 2026

Left in Japanese: how do you say left and right (左ひだり hidari, 右みぎ migi)?

"Left" is 左ひだり (ひだり, hidari) and "right" is 右みぎ (みぎ, migi) — and the English word "left" in the sense of "left over" or "departed" is a completely different Japanese word, not 左ひだり.

If you searched "left in Japanese," you probably want hiragana, kanji, and pronunciation, so here they are in one place. But these two words are also a small gold mine: they are the first pair of kanji that look almost identical, the first place you meet the particle に for direction, and the first time you notice that Japanese says "left-right" where English says "right-left."

In this article

  • The basics: the words, the kanji, hands and sides
  • Beyond the basics: 左右さゆう, giving directions, handedness, escalators, idioms
  • Common mistakes
  • Practice, FAQ, and a vocabulary list you can import into Anki

The basics

How do you say left and right in Japanese?

Left is 左ひだり (ひだり, hidari) and right is 右みぎ (みぎ, migi). Both are native Japanese words, so they have no tricky readings to memorize in everyday use. Just three syllables for hidari, two for migi.

左ひだりに曲まがってください。 — Please turn left. (polite, giving or hearing directions) 右みぎに曲まがってください。 — Please turn right. (polite, same situation)

Notice the particle. The direction you turn takes に (or へ): 左ひだりに曲まがる, "turn to the left." You will also hear 左ひだりを曲まがる in some contexts, because the corner or road is what you pass through, but に is the safe default and it is what beginners should use.

How do you tell the kanji 左ひだり and 右みぎ apart?

They are mirror twins in spirit, and learners swap them constantly. Here is the trick that actually works: look at the bottom half.

  • 右みぎ has a 口くち (mouth) at the bottom. Most people hold chopsticks and eat with the right hand, so "right = mouth."
  • 左ひだり has a 工こう (construction, tool) at the bottom. Think of a tool held in the left hand while the right hand does the work.

The top half is the same shape in both. The difference is only the stroke order at the start: 右みぎ begins with the sloping stroke, 左ひだり begins with the horizontal one. If you remember the bottom half, you never need the stroke order to tell them apart when reading.

右手みぎてにペンを持もっています。 — I'm holding a pen in my right hand. (neutral, simple description) 左手ひだりてで書かきます。 — I write with my left hand. (neutral, handedness)

What about hands, sides, and "on the left"?

Add 手て (て, hand) and you get 右手みぎて (みぎて, migite) and 左手ひだりて (ひだりて, hidarite). Add 側がわ (がわ, side) and you get 右側みぎがわ (みぎがわ, migigawa) and 左側ひだりがわ (ひだりがわ, hidarigawa). For the hand word itself, see hand in Japanese: te.

トイレは左側ひだりがわにあります。 — The restroom is on the left side. (polite, giving directions inside a building) 郵便局ゆうびんきょくの右みぎにコンビニがあります。 — There is a convenience store to the right of the post office. (neutral, location with の)

The pattern for "to the right of X" is X の右みぎ. Japanese puts the thing you are measuring from first, then の, then the direction word. If you are looking for a restroom, where is the bathroom in Japanese is a good companion.

Beyond the basics

Why does Japanese say 左右さゆう and not "right-left"?

In English the pair is "left and right" or "right and left," and nobody cares which comes first. In Japanese, the standard compound is 左右さゆう (さゆう, sayuu), with left first. You say "look both ways" as 左右さゆうを見みる, not 右左みぎひだりを見みる.

道みちを渡わたる前まえに、左右さゆうを確認かくにんしてください。 — Before crossing the road, please check left and right. (polite, safety announcement register) 気分きぶんが天気てんきに左右さゆうされる。 — My mood is affected by the weather. (neutral, 左右さゆうする means "to sway, to influence")

That second sentence is worth noticing. 左右さゆう is not only a direction word; as a verb, 左右さゆうされる means "to be swayed by" something. It reads as slightly formal, but you will meet it in news and essays.

There is also 右折うせつ (うせつ, usetsu) and 左折させつ (させつ, sasetsu) for "right turn" and "left turn" on road signs and in driving lessons. Here the order flips back, because the habit is fixed by the traffic vocabulary, not by a single rule. Learn each pair as its own chunk and do not try to derive one from the other.

How do you give directions with left and right?

This is where 左ひだり and 右みぎ earn their keep. The recipe is simple: landmark + を or で + direction + に + a verb of movement.

次つぎの角かどを左ひだりに曲まがってください。 — Please turn left at the next corner. (polite, standard directions) まっすぐ行いって、信号しんごうを右みぎに曲まがります。 — Go straight and turn right at the traffic light. (polite, giving a route) 駅えきは右側みぎがわにあります。 — The station is on the right side. (polite, location, no movement)

Pay attention to the particles. 角かどを曲まがる uses を because the corner is the thing you pass through and turn. 左ひだりに曲まがる uses に because left is the direction you are heading. Put them together and you get 角かどを左ひだりに曲まがる. Three small words and you can guide anyone across a city. For a fuller toolkit, see asking directions in Japanese.

How do you say right-handed and left-handed?

Use 利きき (きき), the "preferred, dominant" part of a word: 右利みぎきき (みぎきき) is right-handed and 左利ひだりきき (ひだりきき) is left-handed.

私わたしは左利ひだりききです。 — I'm left-handed. (polite, simple self-description) この道具どうぐは右利みぎきき用ようです。 — This tool is for right-handed people. (neutral, product labeling)

You will see 右利みぎきき用よう and 左利ひだりきき用よう on scissors, gloves, and ticket-gate manuals. A common casual shortcut is ぎっちょ, an older word for left-handed, but it can sound dated or slightly teasing. As a learner, 左利ひだりきき is the one to use.

What side do people stand on the escalator?

You will often hear that people in Tokyo stand on the left and leave the right side open for people walking. That is the general pattern people mention, but it is not a law, and it varies by city, station, and even by the day. Railway companies have also asked people to stand on both sides and not walk at all. So the safe approach is to watch what the people in front of you do, and if you are not sure, ask.

左側ひだりがわに立たってください。 — Please stand on the left side. (polite, announcement style) 右側みぎがわを空あけてください。 — Please leave the right side open. (polite, request)

What about idioms and anime?

Anime loves directional shouting, and 右みぎ and 左ひだり show up in the most predictable places:

右みぎだ! — It's on the right! / Go right! (urgent, a character spotting something or dodging) 左ひだりに避さけろ! — Dodge to the left! (blunt command, casual, battle scene) 右みぎの道みちを行いけ。 — Take the road on the right. (blunt, gruff mentor voice)

You will not use these with a stranger on a Tokyo street, but they are great listening practice because the whole point of the line is the direction word, so it comes out loud and clear.

One more everyday idiom: 右腕みぎうで (みぎうで, migiude), literally "right arm," means a person you rely on, like a "right-hand man" in English. The body-part word is explained in arm in Japanese: ude.

彼かれは社長しゃちょうの右腕みぎうでです。 — He is the president's right-hand man. (polite, workplace description)

Does 左ひだり mean anything political?

Yes. 左翼さよく (さよく, sayoku) means "the political left" and 右翼うよく (うよく, uyoku) means "the political right," in the same sense as in many languages. They show up in news and debates and are a topic to read about rather than a phrase for casual chat. Just know that the kanji 左ひだり and 右みぎ are doing the same job they do in directions.

Common mistakes

  • Mixing up the two kanji. 右みぎ has the mouth 口くち at the bottom and 左ひだり has 工こう. If you write 右みぎ for left on a map, people will go the wrong way. Check the bottom half every time.
  • Translating "left" as 左ひだり when it means "left over" or "departed." English "left" has several meanings, and only the direction is 左ひだり. For "I have two left" (remaining), use 残のこる (のこる): 二ふたつ残のこっています. For "She left" (went away), use 出発しゅっぱつした or 行いってしまった: 彼女かのじょは行いってしまいました. Nothing about those has anything to do with 左ひだり.
  • Saying 右左みぎひだり for "left and right." The standard compound is 左右さゆう. 右左みぎひだり exists in a few fixed words (like 右左折うさせつ, "right and left turns"), but for "both sides" or "both ways," say 左右さゆう.
  • Getting the particle wrong in directions. 右みぎに曲まがって is the natural form. 右みぎが曲まがって or 右みぎは曲まがって sounds like the right side itself is turning. If you want to say what is on the right, use ある: 右みぎにあります.
  • Forgetting の in "to the right of X." 郵便局ゆうびんきょく右みぎ is incomplete. It needs the link word: 郵便局ゆうびんきょくの右みぎ.

The left-right table

English Japanese Reading Where you meet it
left 左ひだり ひだり Directions, everyday talk
right 右みぎ みぎ Directions, everyday talk
left hand 左手ひだりて ひだりて Body, handedness
right hand 右手みぎて みぎて Body, handedness
left side 左側ひだりがわ ひだりがわ Locations, buildings
right side 右側みぎがわ みぎがわ Locations, buildings
left and right 左右さゆう さゆう Safety, "both ways"
left turn 左折させつ させつ Road signs
right turn 右折うせつ うせつ Road signs
left-handed 左利ひだりきき ひだりきき Description, product labels
right-handed 右利みぎきき みぎきき Description, product labels
right-hand person 右腕みぎうで みぎうで Idiom, work talk
left over, remains 残のこる のこる Not 左ひだり!

Practice

Build each answer before opening it. Questions 5 and 6 are a pair — the same word, but the English "left" means two different things.

1. Say "Please turn left at the next corner."

Show answer

次つぎの角かどを左ひだりに曲まがってください — 角かど takes を because you pass through it, and 左ひだり takes に because it is the direction you head.

2. Which kanji has 口くち at the bottom, 左ひだり or 右みぎ?

Show answer

右みぎ — right = mouth, because most people eat with the right hand. 左ひだり has 工こう at the bottom.

3. Say "There is a convenience store to the right of the post office."

Show answer

郵便局ゆうびんきょくの右みぎにコンビニがあります — the landmark comes first, then の, then the direction word, then に for the location of something that exists.

4. Which is the normal word for "left and right (both ways)": 左右さゆう or 右左みぎひだり?

Show answer

左右さゆう(さゆう) — Japanese fixes the order as left first. 右左みぎひだり only survives in a few set terms like 右左折うさせつ.

5. Say "Two are left" (two remain).

Show answer

二ふたつ残のこっています — 残のこる means to remain, to be left over. 左ひだり is only the direction. This is the pair to question 6.

6. Say "She left" (she went away).

Show answer

彼女かのじょは行いってしまいました — a departure uses a verb of going, not the direction word 左ひだり. Same English "left," completely different Japanese.

7. Say "I'm left-handed."

Show answer

私わたしは左利ひだりききです — 利きき marks the dominant hand, so 左利ひだりきき is left-handed and 右利みぎきき is right-handed.

8. Say "The station is on the right side."

Show answer

駅えきは右側みぎがわにあります — 側がわ turns right into "the right side," and に marks where something exists with ある.

9. What does 彼かれは社長しゃちょうの右腕みぎうでです mean?

Show answer

He is the president's right-hand man — 右腕みぎうで is literally "right arm" and means the person you rely on most.

10. What is wrong with 右みぎが曲まがってください?

Show answer

が marks the right side as the one doing the turning. You turn toward the right, so use に: 右みぎに曲まがってください.

FAQ

What is "left" in Japanese in hiragana? It is ひだり. The kanji is 左ひだり, and right is みぎ in hiragana, 右みぎ in kanji.

How do you pronounce 左ひだり and 右みぎ? Say hi-da-ri and mi-gi, with every syllable at the same even length. The stress is light, so there is no hard accent to fight with.

Is 左右さゆう read さゆう or さう? さゆう (sayuu). The long vowel at the end matters, and you will hear it in train and road announcements.

Can I say 左ひだり to mean "the left one" like "the left door"? Yes. Use の: 左ひだりのドア, "the left door," or 左ひだりの方ほう, "the one on the left." In casual speech you can also say 左ひだりの, with the noun dropped when context makes it clear.

Do people really stand on the left on escalators in Tokyo? That is the common pattern people describe, but it differs by city, station, and situation, and railways now often ask people to stand still on both sides. Watch the people ahead of you, and follow signs when they exist.

Is 左遷させん related to the direction 左ひだり? Yes, the kanji is the same: 左遷させん (させん) means being demoted or moved to a lower post. It comes from an old idea that the left side was lower in rank, which is background worth knowing but not a word you need early.

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab, and each line becomes one card.

左	ひだり — left
右	みぎ — right
左手	ひだりて — left hand
右手	みぎて — right hand
左側	ひだりがわ — left side
右側	みぎがわ — right side
左右	さゆう — left and right
左折	させつ — left turn
右折	うせつ — right turn
左利き	ひだりきき — left-handed
右利き	みぎきき — right-handed
右腕	みぎうで — right-hand person
左翼	さよく — the political left
右翼	うよく — the political right
曲がる	まがる — to turn
角	かど — corner
残る	のこる — to remain, to be left over
左遷	させん — demotion

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime, so most of the example sentences on this blog come from lines I've actually heard learners ask about — including this one, which comes up in nearly every beginner's first few lessons. For practice with feedback, Book a trial lesson · $13, or work through Japanese practice exercises first.

Sources: the author's own lessons and standard reference grammars.

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