LESSON NOTES · レッスンノート

N4Grammar, one piece at a time · Sep 17, 2026

はじめて, 最初さいしょに, はじめて: three words for "first," and only one is about doing it for the first time

はじめて (はじめて) means "for the first time in my life." 最初さいしょに (さいしょに) means "first, ahead of the other steps." はじめて looks identical in kana and is just the te-form of はじめる ("to begin"). Three words, one reading, and English translates all of them as some version of "first."

This is a set that trips up learners at exactly the moment they start writing rather than speaking, because the difference between はじめて and はじめて is invisible in kana and decisive in kanji.

The basics

はじめて: the first time ever

はじめて日本にほんきました。 — I went to Japan for the first time. (polite — in my life) はじめまして。 — Nice to meet you. (polite — literally "for the first time")

はじめて marks a genuine first occurrence. It says this has never happened before, which is why はじめまして is the greeting for meeting someone: it is announcing that this is the first time.

The kanji in はじめて also turns up in 最初さいしょ (さいしょ, the very first) and 初日しょにち (しょにち, opening day), which is a useful hint that all three are about beginnings.

最初さいしょに: first in a sequence

最初さいしょあらってください。 — First, wash your hands. (polite — before the other steps) 最初さいしょむずかしかったです。 — It was difficult at first. (polite — in the early period)

最初さいしょに is about order, not novelty. It answers "which comes first?" rather than "have you done this before?" You can do something 最初さいしょに every single day.

Note the two forms: 最初さいしょに for "first, do this" and 最初さいしょは for "at first, it was like this." The particle changes what the sentence is doing — に orders a sequence, は contrasts an early period with a later one.

はじめて: not a word for "first"

勉強べんきょうはじめて、三年さんねんになります。 — It's been three years since I started studying. (polite)

はじめて is simply はじめる ("to begin") in te-form. It means "having begun," and it appears in sentences about starting things. In kana both are はじめて, which is why the kanji matters: はじめて日本語にほんご勉強べんきょうしました means "I studied Japanese for the first time," while はじめて日本語にほんご勉強べんきょうしました is not a sentence anyone would write.

Beyond the basics

はじめて vs はじめは

はじめていました。 — I met them for the first time. (polite — the event) はじめはかりませんでした。 — At first I didn't understand. (polite — the early period)

はじめ (はじめ) without the て is a noun meaning "the beginning," and はじめは works like 最初さいしょは. In practice 最初さいしょは is more common in speech, and はじめは reads slightly more written.

はじめての + noun

To attach はじめて to a noun, add の.

はじめての海外旅行かいがいりょこうでした。 — It was my first trip abroad. (polite)

はじめての is extremely common and worth having as a chunk: はじめての日本にほん, はじめてのライブ, はじめての一人暮ひとりぐらし. Without the の it cannot modify a noun, in the same way 〜からの and 〜までの need theirs.

最初さいしょ and 最後さいご as a pair

最初さいしょ (first) and 最後さいご (last) are opposites and appear together constantly.

最初さいしょから最後さいごまでました。 — I watched it from beginning to end. (polite)

最初さいしょから最後さいごまで is a fixed phrase and one of the most useful applications of the から〜まで frame. 最後さいご also gives 最後さいごに ("lastly"), the natural partner of 最初さいしょに when listing steps.

まず: the other "first"

まず means "first of all" and is what people actually say when giving instructions.

まず、おかします。 — First, boil the water. (polite)

まず and 最初さいしょに overlap almost completely. まず is shorter and more common in spoken instructions; 最初さいしょに is slightly more explicit about position in a sequence. Recipes and instructions use both.

〜のははじめてです: the sentence pattern

日本にほんたのははじめてです。 — This is my first time coming to Japan. (polite)

This is the frame for "it's my first time doing X." Nominalize the clause with の, mark it with は, and finish with はじめてです. It is more natural than はじめて日本にほんました when you are answering a question about whether you have been before.

For which nominalizer to use, こと vs の covers the split — here it has to be の.

Common mistakes

  • Writing はじめて for はじめて. In kana they are identical; in kanji they are different words — はじめて for "first time," はじめる for "begin."
  • Using はじめて for a sequence. はじめてあらってください means "wash your hands for the first time in your life." The instruction word is まず or 最初さいしょに.
  • Using 最初さいしょに for a life-first. 最初さいしょ日本にほんきました says it was the first stop on a trip, not the first time in your life.
  • Dropping the の in はじめての. はじめて海外旅行かいがいりょこう is incomplete; it is はじめて海外旅行かいがいりょこう.
  • Confusing 最初さいしょは and 最初さいしょに. は contrasts an early period with what came later; に orders a step.
  • Forgetting that はじめまして contains はじめて. Seeing the connection makes the greeting stop being an arbitrary formula.

Which "first" do I want?

You mean Word Example
For the first time ever はじめて はじめて日本にほんきました
My first ~ (noun) はじめての + noun はじめての海外旅行かいがいりょこう
It's my first time doing X 〜のははじめてです たのははじめてです
First, before other steps 最初さいしょに / まず 最初さいしょあらってください
At first (early period) 最初さいしょは / はじめは 最初さいしょむずかしかったです
From beginning to end 最初さいしょから最後さいごまで 最初さいしょから最後さいごまでました
Having begun はじめて (te-form of はじめる) 勉強べんきょうはじめて三年さんねん

Practice

Questions 1 and 2 are the pair: novelty versus order, and using the wrong one changes the sentence completely.

1. Say "I went to Japan for the first time in my life."

Show answer

はじめて日本にほんきました。はじめて marks a genuine first occurrence.

2. Give an instruction: "first, wash your hands."

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最初さいしょあらってください。 — Or まずあらってください. はじめて here would mean "for the first time in your life."

3. Say "it was difficult at first," politely.

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最初さいしょむずかしかったです。 — は contrasts the early period with how it is now.

4. Say "it was my first trip abroad."

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はじめての海外旅行かいがいりょこうでした。 — The の is required to attach はじめて to a noun.

5. Answer "have you been to Japan before?" with "this is my first time."

Show answer

日本にほんたのははじめてです。 — Nominalize with の, mark with は, finish with はじめてです.

6. Say "it's been three years since I started studying."

Show answer

勉強べんきょうはじめて、三年さんねんになります。はじめて is the te-form of はじめる, not a word for "first."

7. Say "I watched it from beginning to end."

Show answer

最初さいしょから最後さいごまでました。 — A fixed phrase, and a neat application of から〜まで.

8. Give a cooking instruction: "first, boil the water."

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まず、おかします。 — まず is what people actually say in spoken instructions.

9. Fix this: はじめて海外旅行かいがいりょこうでした。

Show answer

はじめての海外旅行かいがいりょこうでした。 — Attaching はじめて to a noun requires の.

10. How is はじめまして written in kanji, and why?

Show answer

はじめまして」 — It is はじめて: the greeting announces that this is the first time you have met.

FAQ

Is はじめまして usually written in kanji? Often it is written in kana, especially in messages. Both are fine. Knowing the kanji is useful because it explains what the phrase actually says.

Is まず or 最初さいしょに better in instructions? まず in speech, and either in writing. Recipes use both, sometimes in the same paragraph. まず is shorter and slightly warmer.

What is the difference between 最初さいしょ and はじめ? They overlap heavily. 最初さいしょ is more definite ("the very first"), はじめ is softer ("the beginning, the early part"). 最初さいしょは and はじめは mean the same thing in practice.

Can はじめて be used about someone else? Yes: かれはじめて日本にほんました ("he came to Japan for the first time"). It is not restricted to the speaker.

How do I say "the first time I ~"? はじめて〜たときはじめて日本にほんったとき ("when I first went to Japan"). This combines はじめて with 〜とき.

Is there a word for "the last time"? 最後さいごに for "lastly" in a sequence, and 前回ぜんかい (ぜんかい) for "last time" as in the previous occasion. They are not interchangeable: 前回ぜんかいったとき is "when we met last time."

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab — the first column becomes the front, the second the back.

初めて	はじめて — for the first time
初めまして	はじめまして — nice to meet you
初め	はじめ — the beginning
始める	はじめる — to begin
最初	さいしょ — the very first
最後	さいご — the last
まず	まず — first of all
前回	ぜんかい — last time, the previous occasion
今回	こんかい — this time
次回	じかい — next time
海外	かいがい — overseas
旅行	りょこう — travel
洗う	あらう — to wash
沸かす	わかす — to boil
お湯	おゆ — hot water
初日	しょにち — opening day
一人暮らし	ひとりぐらし — living alone
難しい	むずかしい — difficult

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime. This set stays invisible until someone starts typing — in speech nobody can tell, and the first time a student writes はじめて日本にほんきました the whole distinction suddenly becomes worth ten minutes.

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Sources: the author's own lessons and standard reference grammars.

More drills like the ones above, plus a timed JLPT-style mock test: Practice · N4

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