LESSON NOTES · レッスンノート

N4Grammar, one piece at a time · Sep 28, 2026

〜ようにする vs 〜ようになる: making an effort to, and ending up able to

〜ようにする means "I make an effort to," "I try to," or "I make sure to" — it describes an ongoing intention the speaker actively works at. 〜ようになる means "it has become the case that," describing a change that has happened over time, usually in ability or habit, without focusing on effort. 野菜やさいを食たべるようにしています is "I try to eat vegetables"; 野菜やさいを食たべるようになりました is "I've come to eat vegetables" or "I now eat vegetables."

Both attach to the plain form of a verb, both are extremely common, and both get taught around the same time — which is exactly why they blur together. The difference is where the sentence puts its attention: ようにする points at the effort, and ようになる points at the outcome. Once you can hear that split, most of the confusion disappears.

The basics

ようにする: an effort you are making

Plain form + ようにする describes a standing intention the speaker is actively acting on — something they are trying to do consistently, not something they have simply achieved.

毎日まいにち、野菜やさいを食たべるようにしています。 — I try to eat vegetables every day. (polite, an ongoing effort) 朝あさは早はやく起おきるようにしています。 — I try to get up early in the morning. (polite, a habit the speaker works at)

The ています form is standard here, because ようにする almost always describes an effort in progress, not a one-time event. The focus is on the trying, whether or not it always succeeds.

ようになる: a change that has happened

Plain form + ようになる describes a change of state, usually from "not doing/not being able to" toward "doing/being able to," that has taken place over time.

納豆なっとうが食たべられるようになりました。 — I've become able to eat natto. (polite, ability that developed over time) 最近さいきん、早はやく起おきるようになった。 — Lately I've started getting up early. (casual, a change in habit that happened)

Here the focus is entirely on the result. The sentence does not describe the process of trying — it just reports that things are different now than they used to be.

For ようになる on its own — the potential form, てきた, and the four-way grid with ことになる — see 〜ようになる.

Negative forms: しないようにする vs しなくなる

The negative versions keep the same effort-vs-result split.

甘あまいものを食たべないようにしています。 — I try not to eat sweet things. (polite, active restraint) 最近さいきん、甘あまいものを食たべなくなりました。 — Lately I've stopped eating sweet things. (polite, a change that happened, with or without conscious effort)

食たべないようにしています still frames the speaker as actively resisting temptation; 食たべなくなりました just states that the behaviour has changed, which could be from effort, changed circumstances, or simply losing interest.

Beyond the basics

The two patterns side by side

Form Focus Typical use
〜ようにする The effort, ongoing Personal resolutions, advice, habits you work at
〜ようになる The result, over time Ability, changed habits, natural development

日本語にほんごで話はなすようにしています。 — I try to speak in Japanese. (polite, effort in the moment) 日本語にほんごで話はなせるようになりました。 — I've become able to speak Japanese. (polite, a skill that developed)

Notice the second example also adds the potential form (話はなせる), which is extremely common with ようになる because it so often describes a new ability, not just a new habit.

ようにしてください: a soft, standard instruction

Attaching ください to ようにする produces one of the most common polite instructions in Japanese — softer than a direct command, and softer than してください alone.

次つぎからは、遅おくれないようにしてください。 — Please make sure not to be late from now on. (polite, an instruction that frames it as an ongoing effort, not a one-time order)

This shape appears constantly in workplace Japanese, teacher-to-student instructions, and public notices, because it asks for continued effort rather than issuing a blunt command.

Reporting someone else's development with ようになる

Because ようになる describes an outcome rather than an effort, it works naturally for describing gradual changes in other people, including changes the speaker was not directly involved in.

息子むすこは最近さいきん、ひらがなが読よめるようになった。 — My son has recently become able to read hiragana. (casual, a child's developing ability)

Using ようにする here would sound strange, because it would imply the son himself is consciously exerting effort in a deliberate, sustained way — ようになる simply reports that the ability now exists.

ようになってきた: a change still in progress

Adding てくる to ようになる describes a change that is still unfolding, moving from the past toward now.

少すこしずつ、漢字かんじが読よめるようになってきました。 — Little by little, I've been becoming able to read kanji. (polite, a gradual, ongoing improvement)

てきた marks the change as continuing to build, rather than a single completed shift — useful for describing slow, incremental progress rather than a sudden change.

When ように stands without する or なる

ように alone, without する or なる, sets up a purpose or a hope, closely related to but distinct from these two patterns — see ために vs ように for the full comparison of ように as a purpose marker.

忘わすれないように、メモしておきます。 — I'll write it down so I don't forget. (polite, ように marking a purpose, not an effort or a change)

Keeping this third use separate in your head is the fastest way to stop confusing all three: ように marks a goal, ようにする marks the effort toward that goal, and ようになる marks that the goal was reached, whether or not anyone was trying.

Common mistakes

  • Using ようになる for an effort still in progress. If the speaker is still actively working at something, ようにしています is correct; ようになりました claims the change has already happened.
  • Using ようにする to describe someone else's natural development. A child learning to read is ようになる, not ようにする — nobody is describing conscious daily effort there.
  • Using ようにします to describe a habit you already have. ようにします is a resolution from now on ("I'll make sure to"); a habit you already keep is ようにしています.
  • Confusing plain ように with ようにする. 忘わすれないようにメモする ("I write it down so as not to forget") uses ように as a purpose marker, not as the standing-effort pattern.
  • Treating ようになる as always about ability. It also covers habits and states, not only can/can't: 野菜やさいを食たべるようになった can mean simply "I now eat vegetables," with no ability involved.

FAQ

Can ようにする describe a request to someone else? Yes, especially with ください: 気きをつけるようにしてください ("please make sure to be careful") is a common, softened instruction.

Does ようになる always mean gaining an ability? No. It also describes habits and situations that changed over time, such as 早はやく寝ねるようになった ("I've started going to bed early"), with no ability involved.

What's the difference between ようになる and ようにする in the past tense? ようにした reports that the speaker made an effort (once, or as a settled resolution); ようになった reports that a change has taken place, regardless of effort.

Is 〜ようにしている the same as 〜ことにしている? They overlap but are not identical. ようにしている leans toward an effort or a manner of doing something, while ことにしている (related to 〜つもり as another intention pattern) frames it as a decided personal rule.

Can you combine ようにする and ようになる in one conversation? Very naturally: 野菜やさいを食たべるようにしていたら、好すきになりました ("I made an effort to eat vegetables, and I came to like them") shows the effort leading directly into the result.

Practice

1. Say "I try to eat vegetables every day."

Show answer

毎日まいにち、野菜やさいを食たべるようにしています。 — ようにしています marks an ongoing effort, not a completed change.

2. Say "I've become able to eat natto."

Show answer

納豆なっとうが食たべられるようになりました。 — ようになりました reports a change in ability that has already happened.

3. Say "I try not to eat sweet things."

Show answer

甘あまいものを食たべないようにしています。 — The negative ないようにしています still frames it as active, ongoing restraint.

4. Say "lately I've stopped eating sweet things" (a change, not necessarily conscious effort).

Show answer

最近さいきん、甘あまいものを食たべなくなりました。 — なくなりました reports the change itself, without claiming credit for the effort.

5. Say "please make sure not to be late from now on," politely.

Show answer

次つぎからは、遅おくれないようにしてください。 — ようにしてください softens the instruction into a request for ongoing effort.

6. Say "my son has recently become able to read hiragana."

Show answer

息子むすこは最近さいきん、ひらがなが読よめるようになった。 — ようになる fits a child's developing ability; ようにする would sound like conscious daily effort.

7. What does 少すこしずつ、漢字かんじが読よめるようになってきました mean?

Show answer

"Little by little, I've been becoming able to read kanji." — てくる marks the change as still unfolding, not finished all at once.

8. What is the difference between 忘わすれないようにメモする and 忘わすれないようにしています?

Show answer

A purpose clause vs a standing effort. — Plain ように marks the goal ("so as not to forget"); ようにしています marks an ongoing habit of effort.

9. True or false: ようになる always describes gaining a new ability.

Show answer

False. — It also covers habits and states with no ability involved, like 早はやく寝ねるようになった, "I've started going to bed early."

10. Say "I try to speak in Japanese" vs "I've become able to speak Japanese" — give both.

Show answer

日本語にほんごで話はなすようにしています。/日本語にほんごで話はなせるようになりました。 — The first is ongoing effort, the second is an achieved ability.

Use a trial lesson to say what you make an effort to do with 〜ようにする and what has become normal with 〜ようになる, such as 朝早あさはやく起おきるようにしている.

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab — the first column becomes the front, the second the back.

野菜	やさい — vegetables
食べる	たべる — to eat
朝	あさ — morning
早い	はやい — early, fast
起きる	おきる — to get up
納豆	なっとう — fermented soybeans
甘い	あまい — sweet
遅れる	おくれる — to be late
息子	むすこ — son
読む	よむ — to read
少しずつ	すこしずつ — little by little
漢字	かんじ — kanji
忘れる	わすれる — to forget
気をつける	きをつける — to be careful
話す	はなす — to speak
寝る	ねる — to sleep, to go to bed

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime, and I still ask students to say out loud which one they mean — the trying, or the result — because in English "I try to eat vegetables" and "I eat vegetables now" barely feel different, and in Japanese they are two completely different grammar patterns.

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Sources: the author's own lessons and standard reference grammars.

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