LESSON NOTES · レッスンノート

N4Grammar, one piece at a time · Sep 14, 2026

〜ようになる: the grammar for "I can do it now, and I could not before

〜ようになる says that something is now true which was not true before, and that it changed over time rather than all at once. 日本語にほんごはなせるようになりました — "I've become able to speak Japanese" — is the single most useful sentence this grammar builds.

Learners often try to say this with なる alone and produce はなすなる, which is not a sentence. なる cannot attach to a verb. ように is the bridge.

The basics

How do you build it?

Put the verb in its plain form and add ようになる.

verb (plain form) + ようになる

あさごはんをべるようになりました。 — I've started eating breakfast. (polite past — a habit that developed) 漢字かんじめるようになりました。 — I can read kanji now. (polite past — the potential form + ようになる)

Two kinds of verb go in front, and they give you two slightly different meanings:

Verb form in front Meaning Example
Plain form (べる) A habit that started 野菜やさいべるようになった
Potential form (べられる) An ability that developed 野菜やさいべられるようになった

The first says you now eat vegetables; the second says you are now able to. With food that distinction matters — one is a choice, the other is about your palate finally cooperating.

Why not just なる?

Because なる attaches to adjectives and nouns, not to verbs. さむくなる and 先生せんせいになる work; はなすなる does not. ように turns the verb clause into something なる can take, roughly "become in the manner of [doing X]."

どもが一人ひとりられるようになりました。 — My child can sleep alone now. (polite past)

The "gradually" part is real

ようになる implies a process, not a switch. If a change was instant, Japanese usually says it another way.

最近さいきん日本にほんのニュースがかるようになってきました。 — Lately I've started to be able to follow Japanese news. (polite — てくる adds "and it's still going")

Adding てきた to ようになる is very common and worth stealing: it means the change is under way but not finished, which is honest about most language progress.

Beyond the basics

ようになる vs ようにする

One letter apart, completely different. なる is a change that happens; する is an effort you make.

毎日まいにち運動うんどうするようにしています。 — I try to exercise every day. (polite, teiru — an ongoing effort) 毎日まいにち運動うんどうするようになりました。 — I've started exercising every day. (polite past — it now happens)

ようにする is how Japanese says "I make a point of," and the teiru form is almost always attached, because the effort is continuous. ようにしています is one of the most useful phrases in a self-introduction.

The full four-way grid

These four look alike and confuse everyone. Laid out together, the logic is clean:

Form Who or what drives it Example
〜ようになる It changed on its own / over time はなせるようになった
〜ようにする You make an effort はやるようにする
〜ことになる It was decided (by circumstances or others) 転勤てんきんすることになった
〜ことにする You decide 転勤てんきんすることにした

来月らいげつから大阪おおさかはたらくことになりました。 — It's been decided that I'll work in Osaka from next month. (polite past — the modest way to announce your own decision)

The ことになる one is culturally interesting: Japanese speakers often use it even for choices they made themselves, because presenting a decision as something that arrived is more modest than presenting it as something you willed.

The negative: 〜なくなる wins

Grammatically you can say ないようになる, but almost nobody does. The natural negative is 〜なくなる:

あまいものをべなくなりました。 — I've stopped eating sweet things. (polite past — natural)

Keep ないように for the "make an effort not to" sense, where it pairs with する: おくれないようにします ("I'll make sure not to be late").

Where you'll hear it in anime

ようになる is a character-development verb. It is what a story says when someone has changed:

わらえるようになったんだね。 — You've learned how to smile again, haven't you. (casual, warm — the んだ adds "I see that now")

Listen for the potential form in front of it. けるようになった, しんじられるようになった — the potential + ようになる combination carries almost all of the emotional weight in these lines.

Common mistakes

  • Attaching なる straight to a verb. はなすなる, むなる — not sentences. You need ように.
  • Using ようになる for an instant change. For something that happened at a stroke, use a plain past verb. ようになる wants a process.
  • Mixing up ようになる and ようにする. なる = it happened; する = you're trying.
  • Using ないようになる for "stopped doing." Say 〜なくなる instead.
  • Forgetting the potential form when you mean ability. 日本語にほんごはなすようになりました means you started speaking Japanese (a habit). For "became able to," it has to be はなせる — see the potential form.

Practice

Answers are hidden — build yours first, then open. Questions 3 and 4 are a pair, and so are 6 and 7: one syllable moves each time.

1. Something is wrong here: 日本語にほんごはなすなりました。

Show answer

はなせるようになりました — なる cannot attach to a verb. ように is the bridge, and はなせる carries the "able to."

2. Say "I've started eating breakfast."

Show answer

あさごはんをべるようになりました — plain form + ようになる for a habit that developed.

3. Say "I now eat vegetables" (a habit).

Show answer

野菜やさいべるようになりました — plain form. This is about what you do.

4. Say "I can eat vegetables now" (an ability).

Show answer

野菜やさいべられるようになりました — the potential form, and the particle shifts to が. This is the pair to question 3.

5. Say "I try to exercise every day."

Show answer

毎日まいにち運動うんどうするようにしています — する for effort, and the teiru form because the effort is ongoing.

6. What does 転勤てんきんすることになりました say?

Show answer

"It's been decided that I'll transfer" — ことになる presents the decision as having arrived, which is the modest register.

7. What does 転勤てんきんすることにしました say?

Show answer

"I've decided to transfer" — ことにする is your own decision, stated plainly. This is the pair to question 6, and the difference is entirely social.

8. Say "I've stopped eating sweet things."

Show answer

あまいものをべなくなりました — the natural negative is なくなる, not ないようになる.

9. Say "I'll make sure not to be late."

Show answer

おくれないようにします — ないように survives here, paired with する for effort.

10. What does かるようになってきました add over かるようになりました?

Show answer

That the change is still under way — てくる says the process started and continues. It is the honest form for language progress.

FAQ

Can I use it with adjectives? No — adjectives take なる directly: さむくなる, 上手じょうずになる. ようになる is specifically for verbs.

Does ように here mean the same as "in order to"? It is the same word doing a related job. ように marks a manner or a target state; in 〜ように + なる it is "come to be in that state," and in 〜ように + verb it is "so that."

Is the potential form always needed for ability? Yes, when ability is what you mean. べるようになる and べられるようになる are both correct sentences with different meanings.

How do I say the negative of the ability version? べられなくなりました ("I can no longer eat it"). Negate the potential form, then なくなる.

Can ようになる be used about objects? Yes: このアプリで日本語にほんごまなべるようになりました ("this app now lets you study Japanese"). The subject does not have to be a person.

Is 〜ように one word or two? Treat it as one unit here. It comes from よう ("manner, appearance") plus に, but for this grammar you never split it.

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab — the first column becomes the front, the second the back.

話す	はなす — to speak
読む	よむ — to read
漢字	かんじ — kanji
朝ごはん	あさごはん — breakfast
野菜	やさい — vegetables
子ども	こども — child
一人	ひとり — alone, one person
寝る	ねる — to sleep
最近	さいきん — recently
分かる	わかる — to understand
運動	うんどう — exercise
毎日	まいにち — every day
転勤	てんきん — job transfer
来月	らいげつ — next month
働く	はたらく — to work
甘い	あまい — sweet
遅れる	おくれる — to be late
笑う	わらう — to laugh, to smile
泣く	なく — to cry
信じる	しんじる — to believe
早く	はやく — early
寒い	さむい — cold
上手	じょうず — skilled

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime. When a learner tells me their goal is "to speak more naturally," this is the grammar that lets them say it: 自然しぜんはなせるようになりたいです. It is worth learning early, because it is the sentence you will want most often.

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Sources: the author's own lessons and standard reference grammars.

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