LESSON NOTES · レッスンノート

N5Lesson notes · Oct 10, 2026

Police in Japanese: 警察けいさつ, 警察官けいさつかん, お巡まわりさん and 交番こうばん explained

Police in Japanese is 警察けいさつ (keisatsu), but that word means the organization — the person is 警察官けいさつかん (keisatsukan), and in everyday speech people say お巡まわりさん (omawari-san).

That one split is where most learners go wrong. In English, "police" covers the institution, the officer, and the building. Japanese keeps them apart, and each piece has its own word. This article sorts them out, then gives you the phrases a traveler actually needs and the lines you will hear in detective anime.

The basics

How do you say police in Japanese, and how is it written?

警察けいさつ (けいさつ, keisatsu) is "the police" as an organization, written in kanji. It is not a loanword, so there is no katakana version to choose. If you searched for "police in Japanese hiragana," the answer is けいさつ, and you will see it in hiragana mostly in children's books or on signs for beginners. In normal text it is 警察けいさつ.

警察けいさつ is a thing you go to, call, or report to. It works like "the police" in English.

警察けいさつに電話でんわします。 — I'll call the police. (polite, stating a plan) 警察けいさつに行いきました。 — I went to the police. (polite, past)

What is the word for a police officer?

警察官けいさつかん (けいさつかん, keisatsukan) is the officer, the individual person. The ending 官かん means an official or officer. In writing and on the news you will see 警察官けいさつかん, and a shorter form 警官けいかん (けいかん, keikan) is common in both speech and writing.

警察官けいさつかんが来きました。 — A police officer came. (polite, past) あの人ひとは警察官けいさつかんです。 — That person is a police officer. (polite, identifying someone)

What do people actually call a police officer in conversation?

お巡まわりさん (おまわりさん, omawari-san) is the friendly everyday word. It literally comes from 巡めぐる (to go around), because officers walk their area on patrol. The さん makes it warm, like "Officer." Children say it, and adults say it when they talk to a neighborhood officer.

お巡まわりさん、道みちに迷まよいました。 — Officer, I'm lost. (polite, speaking to the officer)

The お is part of the word. People do not say 巡めぐりさん.

What is a 交番こうばん, and how is it different from a police station?

A 交番こうばん (こうばん, kouban) is a small neighborhood police box, and a 警察署けいさつしょ (けいさつしょ, keisatsusho) is the bigger police station. A 交番こうばん sits at a corner or station exit, staffed by one or a few officers who give directions, take lost items, and handle small reports. This is the place a traveler goes first.

Word Reading What it is
警察けいさつ けいさつ the police (the organization)
警察官けいさつかん けいさつかん police officer
お巡まわりさん おまわりさん officer (friendly, spoken)
交番こうばん こうばん neighborhood police box
警察署けいさつしょ けいさつしょ police station
パトカー ぱとかー patrol car
刑事けいじ けいじ detective

Beyond the basics

What do you say if you need the police in Japan?

Dial 110 for the police. In Japan, 110 (ひゃくとおばん, hyaku-too-ban) is the police emergency number and 119 (ひゃくじゅうきゅうばん) is for fire and ambulance. They are different numbers. If you mix them up, say what is wrong as soon as someone answers and they will pass you along.

事件じけんです。警察けいさつをお願ねがいします。 — It's an incident. The police, please. (polite, calling in an emergency) 救急車きゅうきゅうしゃをお願ねがいします。 — An ambulance, please. (polite, medical emergency, 119)

For medical vocabulary and the 119 side, see hospital in Japanese. If you cannot find the words at all, help in Japanese has the short phrases to get someone's attention first.

How do you say "Where is the police box?"

Use どこですか after the place. Add すみません in front to get attention. The sentence pattern is the same one you use for any place.

すみません、交番こうばんはどこですか。 — Excuse me, where is the police box? (polite, asking directions) いちばん近ちかい交番こうばんはどこですか。 — Where is the nearest police box? (polite, asking directions)

The pattern is exactly the one in where is the bathroom in Japanese: place + は + どこですか.

How do you report a lost wallet or say you got lost?

Pick the verb that matches what happened: なくす, 落おとす, 忘わすれる, or 盗ぬすまれる. They are not interchangeable, and the police will ask follow-up questions based on which one you use.

財布さいふをなくしました。 — I lost my wallet. (polite, you don't know where) 電車でんしゃで財布さいふを落おとしました。 — I dropped my wallet on the train. (polite, you know where it fell) バッグを盗ぬすまれました。 — My bag was stolen. (polite, someone took it) 道みちに迷まよいました。 — I got lost. (polite, explaining the problem)

盗ぬすまれました is the passive form of 盗ぬすむ (to steal). Japanese says "my bag was stolen by someone" instead of "someone stole my bag." The passive is how you show you were the one affected. 忘わすれる (to forget) is for leaving something behind, as in 傘かさを忘わすれました (I forgot my umbrella).

Who is a 刑事けいじ, and how does it differ from 警察官けいさつかん?

刑事けいじ (けいじ, keiji) is a detective, an officer who investigates crimes. The word is what you hear in police dramas and anime. A 警察官けいさつかん in uniform on the street is different from a 刑事けいじ in plain clothes working a case. Characters often call each other 刑事けいじさん.

刑事けいじさん、犯人はんにんは誰だれですか。 — Detective, who is the culprit? (polite, a witness asking) あの刑事けいじは頭あたまがいい。 — That detective is smart. (casual, a plain description)

The suspect is 犯人はんにん (はんにん, hannin), and a thief is 泥棒どろぼう (どろぼう, dorobou).

What do police say in anime?

Short, hard commands. Officers in anime do not use the careful polite speech from your textbook. They shout.

警察けいさつだ!動うごくな! — Police! Don't move! (commanding, shouting at a suspect) おとなしくしろ! — Behave yourself! / Don't resist! (rough command, to a suspect) 逮捕たいほする。 — You're under arrest. (plain, formal-feeling statement)

Notice だ instead of です, and 動うごくな for "don't move." The ending な after a plain verb is a strong "don't." You hear it on screen and you should understand it, but do not use it as a tourist. Watch for パトカー (patrol car) too: the sirens, then 警察けいさつだ!, is a scene format you will see again and again.

Common mistakes

  • Calling an officer 警察けいさつ. 警察けいさつ is the organization. To talk about the person, use 警察官けいさつかん or お巡まわりさん. 警察けいさつに話はなしかけます (I talk to the police) is fine, but 「あの警察けいさつ」 for one officer sounds off.
  • Dropping the お in お巡まわりさん. The word is お巡まわりさん, not 巡めぐりさん.
  • Mixing up 110 and 119. 110 is police. 119 is fire and ambulance.
  • Saying 落おとす when you mean なくす. 落おとしました means you dropped it, and you usually know where. 財布さいふをなくしました means it is gone and you don't know where.
  • Saying 盗ぬすみました for "was stolen." 盗ぬすみました means "I stole it." Say 盗ぬすまれました.
  • Using anime police speech in real life. 動うごくな and おとなしくしろ are commands for a scene. In real life you say すみません and ask politely.

Practice

Work each answer out before you open it. Questions 3 and 4 are a pair, and so are 7 and 8 — the whole point is the difference between the two.

1. What is the kanji word for "the police" as an organization?

Show answer

警察けいさつ (けいさつ) — it names the organization, not an individual person.

2. What is the word for one police officer?

Show answer

警察官けいさつかん (けいさつかん) — 官かん means an officer or official. 警官けいかん is the shorter form.

3. A friend points at the neighborhood officer and says "that's the police." What is more natural for one person?

Show answer

あの人ひとは警察官けいさつかんです / あれはお巡まわりさんです — 警察けいさつ alone sounds like the organization, so a single person needs a word for a person.

4. Say "I'll call the police."

Show answer

警察けいさつに電話でんわします — here 警察けいさつ is the organization you call, so it is the right word.

5. What is the friendly spoken word for a patrol officer, and which part is the お?

Show answer

お巡まわりさん (おまわりさん) — the お is part of the word. The form 巡めぐりさん is not used.

6. Ask "Where is the police box?" politely.

Show answer

すみません、交番こうばんはどこですか — place + は + どこですか, with すみません to get attention.

7. You left your wallet somewhere and cannot say where. Which verb: なくす or 落おとす?

Show answer

財布さいふをなくしました — なくす is for "lost, whereabouts unknown." 落おとす would suggest you dropped it and saw where.

8. Your wallet fell out of your pocket on the train and you saw it fall. Which verb?

Show answer

財布さいふを落おとしました — 落おとす is "dropped." This pairs with question 7: same wallet, different verb because the facts differ.

9. Say "My bag was stolen."

Show answer

バッグを盗ぬすまれました — the passive form 盗ぬすまれる shows that the bag was taken from you. 盗ぬすみました would mean "I stole it."

10. A character in an anime shouts 警察けいさつだ!動うごくな! What does it mean, and would you say it in real life?

Show answer

"Police! Don't move!" — it is a hard command with plain だ and 〜な. You understand it on screen, but you would not say it yourself.

In a trial lesson, ask where the 交番こうばん is, and say 警察けいさつ for the organization but 警察官けいさつかん or お巡まわりさん for the person.

FAQ

What is "police" in Japanese hiragana? けいさつ. In normal writing it is 警察けいさつ. Hiragana is used in children's books or to show pronunciation.

What number do I call for the police in Japan? 110. The number for fire and an ambulance is 119. These are the standard emergency numbers in Japan.

Is お巡まわりさん rude? No. It is friendly and common, especially for the officer in your neighborhood. You can say it to the officer directly, as in お巡まわりさん、すみません.

What is the difference between 警察官けいさつかん and 刑事けいじ? 警察官けいさつかん is any police officer, including the one in uniform at a 交番こうばん. 刑事けいじ is a detective who investigates crimes, usually in plain clothes. Dramas and anime use 刑事けいじ a lot.

Where do I go if I lose something in Japan? A 交番こうばん is the usual first stop. You can also go to a 警察署けいさつしょ. Tell them what you lost and where, using なくしました or 落おとしました.

Can I just say "police" in English? Often yes, and staff will understand "police." But learning 警察けいさつ and 交番こうばん gets you to the right place faster, and it helps when you read signs and station maps.

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab, and each line becomes one card.

警察	けいさつ — the police (organization)
警察官	けいさつかん — police officer
警官	けいかん — police officer (short form)
お巡りさん	おまわりさん — officer (friendly, spoken)
交番	こうばん — neighborhood police box
警察署	けいさつしょ — police station
パトカー	ぱとかー — patrol car
刑事	けいじ — detective
犯人	はんにん — culprit, suspect
泥棒	どろぼう — thief
逮捕	たいほ — arrest
財布	さいふ — wallet
なくす	なくす — to lose
落とす	おとす — to drop
忘れる	わすれる — to forget, to leave behind
盗む	ぬすむ — to steal
道に迷いました	みちにまよいました — I got lost

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime, so most of the example sentences on this blog come from lines I've actually heard in class and on screen — and "where is the police box?" is a sentence worth knowing before you travel. For practice with feedback, Book a trial lesson · $13, or work through Japanese practice exercises first.

Sources: the author's own lessons and standard reference grammars.

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