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N5Lesson notes · Oct 4, 2026

Near and far in Japanese: 近ちかい (ちかい) and 遠とおい (とおい), and the に / から trap

"Near" in Japanese is 近ちかい (ちかい) and "far" is 遠とおい (とおい) — both are い-adjectives, but 近ちかい pairs with に ("close to the station") while 遠とおい pairs with から ("far from the station"), and that small particle switch is where most learners slip.

If you search "near in Japanese" or "far in Japanese", the dictionary hands you two words and stops. The real difficulty starts when you try to say close to what or far from what. English uses "to" and "from" naturally. Japanese does too, but it hides them in particles, and the pairing is not symmetrical.

This post covers the two adjectives, the particle trap, the noun forms 近ちかく and 遠とおく, neighbourhood words like 近所きんじょ, "next to" words like そば and 隣となり, how to say "five minutes on foot", the useful phrase 近ちかいうちに, and how anime turns 遠とおい into a feeling.

The basics

How do you say "near" and "far" in Japanese?

Near is 近ちかい (ちかい) and far is 遠とおい (とおい). Both are い-adjectives, so they sit before a noun or end a sentence just like 高たかい or 安やすい.

駅えきは近ちかいです。 — The station is close. (polite, neutral) 学校がっこうは遠とおいです。 — School is far. (polite, neutral) 近ちかい店みせを探さがしています。 — I'm looking for a nearby shop. (polite, adjective before a noun)

Watch the reading of 遠とおい. It is とおい, with the long "o" spelled お. Do not write とうい. Many learners mis-spell it because it sounds like "toh-ee", and most long "o" sounds are spelled with う.

If you want a refresher on how these adjectives behave, our guide to い-adjectives vs な-adjectives covers the pattern once, and everything works the same here.

How do you conjugate 近ちかい and 遠とおい?

Drop the final い and add the ending. Both words are perfectly regular.

家いえから近ちかくないです。 — It isn't close to my home. (polite negative: 近ちかく + ない) 昨日きのうの道みちは遠とおかったです。 — The road was long yesterday. (polite past: 遠とおかっ + た) 会社かいしゃは遠とおくなかったです。 — The office wasn't far. (polite past negative)

To link two descriptions use the て-form: 近ちかくて便利べんり means "close and convenient", and 遠とおくて大変たいへん means "far and a hassle".

What is the に / から trap?

近ちかい takes に ("close to"), and 遠とおい takes から ("far from"). This is the central contrast of the whole lesson, and it feels backwards because English says "far from" and "close to" with different words, while a learner tends to reach for one particle for both.

駅えきに近ちかい。 — It's close to the station. (casual, に marks what it is close to) 駅えきから遠とおい。 — It's far from the station. (casual, から marks the starting point)

Think of it this way. 近ちかい describes closeness to a target, so it uses に, the particle of arrival and contact. 遠とおい describes distance measured from a starting point, so it uses から. As a bonus, 遠とおい also takes まで when you measure toward a destination: 駅えきまで遠とおい means "it's a long way to the station."

Two honest notes. First, 駅えきに遠とおい is not natural. Do not say it. Second, 駅えきから近ちかい is also very common, especially in apartment ads and everyday talk, meaning "close, measured from the station". So the safe rule is simple: use に or から with 近ちかい, but use only から or まで with 遠とおい.

この部屋へやは駅えきから近ちかいです。 — This room is close to the station. (polite, the から version, very common in listings) この部屋へやは駅えきまで遠とおいです。 — From this room it's a long way to the station. (polite, まで focuses on the trip)

For more on how に and で and から divide up the work, see で vs に.

Beyond the basics

What is the difference between 近ちかい and 近ちかく?

近ちかい is an adjective ("close"); 近ちかく is a noun ("the nearby area", "somewhere close"). The noun form is the one you will use most when giving directions, and it takes の.

駅えきの近ちかくに本屋ほんやがあります。 — There's a bookshop near the station. (polite, 近ちかく as a noun, so の and に) 近ちかくに銀行ぎんこうはありますか。 — Is there a bank nearby? (polite, a standard question) この近ちかくで食たべましょう。 — Let's eat somewhere around here. (polite, 近ちかく + で marks where the action happens)

Notice the particle after 近ちかく. Existence ("there is a bank") uses に. A general action ("eat") uses で. If you are not sure why, the question words guide shows how どこ works with these same particles.

How do you say "far away" with 遠とおく?

遠とおく is the noun for "a faraway place". It almost always shows up with に, から, or へ.

遠とおくに行いきたい。 — I want to go somewhere far away. (casual, a daydream sentence) 遠とおくから来きました。 — I came from far away. (polite, a very common thing to say as a visitor) 遠とおくに山やまが見みえる。 — I can see mountains in the distance. (casual, a scenic description)

The pair 近ちかくに and 遠とおくに is useful because the structure is identical, so you can swap the words freely.

What is 近所きんじょ?

近所きんじょ (きんじょ) means "the neighbourhood", the area right around where you live. It is a noun, and it feels warmer than 近ちかく because it implies a community: neighbours, local shops, familiar streets.

近所きんじょにいいパン屋やがあります。 — There's a good bakery in my neighbourhood. (polite, 近所きんじょ as a noun) 近所きんじょの人ひとに挨拶あいさつしました。 — I greeted the people in the neighbourhood. (polite, 近所きんじょの人ひと means a neighbour)

Use 近ちかく when you are pointing at a place on a map. Use 近所きんじょ when you mean "around where I live".

How do you say "next to"?

そば, 隣となり (となり), and 横よこ (よこ) all mean "next to", but each has a different shape. Mixing them is a small slip, not a disaster, but choosing the right one sounds precise.

窓まどのそばに座すわってください。 — Please sit by the window. (polite, そば means "right beside, within reach") コンビニは銀行ぎんこうの隣となりにあります。 — The convenience store is next to the bank. (polite, 隣となり means the thing of the same kind right next door) 机つくえの横よこにゴミ箱はこがあります。 — There's a bin beside the desk. (polite, 横よこ means the side, left or right)

隣となり is for things in a row, like houses or shops, with nothing between them. そば is the softest and most flexible: "close by". 横よこ is simply "the side of". In a pinch, 隣となり and 横よこ are interchangeable for most beginner sentences.

If you are hunting for a place in a hurry, the sentence in where is the bathroom in Japanese is a good template: ask "where", then listen for 近ちかく, 隣となり, or 奥おく.

How do you say "five minutes on foot"?

歩あるいて5分ふん (あるいてごふん) literally means "walking, five minutes". This is how Japanese measures nearness in daily life, far more than kilometres.

駅えきから歩あるいて5分ふんです。 — It's five minutes on foot from the station. (polite, the classic way to describe distance) ここから歩あるいて10分ぷんぐらいです。 — It's about ten minutes on foot from here. (polite, ぐらい makes it approximate) 歩あるいて行いける距離きょりです。 — It's a walkable distance. (polite, 行いける means "can go")

The same structure works with other transport: 電車でんしゃで15分ふん means "fifteen minutes by train", and 車くるまで20分ぷん means "twenty minutes by car". When someone says 近ちかいです, a natural follow-up question is 歩あるいてどのくらいですか, "how long on foot?"

What does 近ちかいうちに mean?

近ちかいうちに means "soon" or "in the near future", but it is vague on purpose. It describes time, not space, and it is a polite way to promise something without a date.

近ちかいうちにまた会あいましょう。 — Let's meet again soon. (polite, no fixed date) 近ちかいうちに連絡れんらくします。 — I'll contact you soon. (polite, common in business and with acquaintances)

Be careful: 近ちかいうちに is softer and less specific than 来週らいしゅう or 明日あした. If you want an actual plan, name the day.

How does anime use 遠とおい?

In anime, 遠とおい is often about emotional distance, not metres. A character who feels unreachable is 遠とおい存在そんざい ("a distant being"), and a gaze that looks past someone is a 遠とおい目め.

あの人ひとは遠とおい存在そんざいだ。 — That person feels out of reach. (casual, narration or inner thought) 遠とおい目めをして、彼かれは空そらを見みていた。 — With a faraway look, he was staring at the sky. (neutral, written narration) 遠とおい昔むかしの話はなしだ。 — That's a story from long ago. (casual, same 遠とおい used for time)

The same adjective stretches across space, time and feeling. When you hear 遠とおい in a dramatic scene, ask "far in what sense?" before you translate it.

Common mistakes

  • Saying 駅えきに遠とおい. 遠とおい takes から or まで, not に. The correct sentence is 駅えきから遠とおい.
  • Writing とうい instead of とおい. The long "o" is spelled とお, so 遠とおい is とおい.
  • Using 近ちかい where English wants a noun. 駅えきの近ちかい is wrong. The noun is 近ちかく, so say 駅えきの近ちかく.
  • Forgetting の before 近ちかく. 駅近えきちかくに can appear in ads, but in speech and learning it is 駅えきの近ちかくに.
  • Treating 近ちかいうちに as a date. It is vague. It does not mean "tomorrow" or "this week".
  • Choosing 隣となり for anything that is "by". If there is no row of similar things, そば is safer than 隣となり.

Which word fits which sentence?

Word Part of speech Meaning Typical particle Example
近ちかい い-adjective close に / から 駅えきに近ちかい
遠とおい い-adjective far から / まで 駅えきから遠とおい
近ちかく noun the nearby area の + に / で 駅えきの近ちかくに
遠とおく noun a faraway place に / から 遠とおくから来きました
近所きんじょ noun neighbourhood の / に 近所きんじょの人ひと
そば noun right beside の + に 窓まどのそばに
隣となり noun next door の + に 銀行ぎんこうの隣となりに
近ちかいうちに phrase soon (none) 近ちかいうちに会あおう

FAQ

Is 近ちかい the opposite of 遠とおい? Yes, for distance and for time. 近ちかい is close and 遠とおい is far, and both can describe a place, a moment, or even a relationship.

Can I say 駅えきから近ちかい? Yes, it is very common, especially in real estate language. 駅えきに近ちかい also works. The only combination to avoid is 駅えきに遠とおい.

What is the difference between 近ちかく and 近所きんじょ? 近ちかく is a general "nearby area" and works anywhere. 近所きんじょ is specifically the area around your home, and it implies neighbours and a community.

How do I ask if something is nearby? Say 近ちかくに〜はありますか, for example 近ちかくにコンビニはありますか. It is the polite default for a stranger.

Is 近ちかいうちに the same as もうすぐ? Not quite. もうすぐ means "very soon, almost now", while 近ちかいうちに means "sometime in the near future", which could be days or weeks.

Why do Japanese people say "five minutes on foot" instead of kilometres? Because the walking time is the practical measure when you live in a city. It tells you whether you can go there without a train, and it is how listings and directions describe nearness.

Practice

Build each answer before opening it. Questions 1 and 2 are a pair — the same noun, opposite adjectives, and a different particle.

1. Say "It's close to the station."

Show answer

駅えきに近ちかいです — 近ちかい goes with に, the target you are close to. 駅えきから近ちかいです also works.

2. Say "It's far from the station."

Show answer

駅えきから遠とおいです — 遠とおい goes with から, the starting point. This is the pair to question 1.

3. What is wrong with 駅えきに遠とおい?

Show answer

遠とおい does not take に. Use 駅えきから遠とおい or 駅えきまで遠とおい.

4. Say "There is a bookshop near the station."

Show answer

駅えきの近ちかくに本屋ほんやがあります — 近ちかく is a noun, so it takes の, and existence takes に.

5. Say "I came from far away."

Show answer

遠とおくから来きました — 遠とおく is a noun, and から marks the starting point of the trip.

6. How do you say "five minutes on foot from here"?

Show answer

ここから歩あるいて5分ふんです — 歩あるいて means "walking", then the number of minutes.

7. You live in a friendly area and want to say "There's a good bakery in my neighbourhood." Which noun is best, 近ちかく or 近所きんじょ?

Show answer

近所きんじょ — 近所きんじょにいいパン屋やがあります. 近所きんじょ means the area around where you live and feels more personal than 近ちかく.

8. Which word fits "Please sit by the window": そば, 隣となり, or 横よこ?

Show answer

そば — 窓まどのそばに座すわってください. そば means "right beside"; 隣となり suggests a row of similar things.

9. What does 近ちかいうちに mean, and is it a fixed date?

Show answer

"Soon" — and no, it is not a fixed date. It is a vague, polite way to promise something in the near future.

10. An anime character says あの人ひとは遠とおい存在そんざいだ. Does this mean the person lives far away?

Show answer

Not necessarily. 遠とおい存在そんざい means someone who feels out of reach emotionally or socially, a distance of the heart rather than metres.

Use a trial lesson to describe where your home is with 近ちかい and 遠とおい, checking that 駅えきに近ちかい takes に and 駅えきから遠とおい takes から.

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab — the first column becomes the front, the second the back.

近い	ちかい — near, close
遠い	とおい — far
近く	ちかく — nearby area, vicinity
遠く	とおく — a faraway place
近所	きんじょ — neighbourhood
そば	そば — right beside
隣	となり — next door, next to
横	よこ — side, beside
歩く	あるく — to walk
近いうちに	ちかいうちに — soon, in the near future
駅	えき — station
距離	きょり — distance
遠い目	とおいめ — a faraway look
遠い存在	とおいそんざい — a distant, out-of-reach person

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime, so most of the example sentences on this blog come from lines I've actually heard students ask about — including this one, which comes up in nearly every beginner's first few lessons. For practice with feedback, Book a trial lesson · $13, or work through Japanese practice exercises first.

Sources: the author's own lessons and standard reference grammars.

More drills like the ones above, plus a timed JLPT-style mock test: Practice · N5 · Read something at this level: JLPT N5 stories with audio

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