LESSON NOTES · レッスンノート

N4What anime teaches · Oct 4, 2026

King in Japanese: 王おう (おう), 王様おうさま, 女王じょおう, and why a classic story is 王道おうどう

"King" in Japanese is 王おう (おう, ou). In everyday speech and fairy tales people say 王様おうさま (おうさま), and in the news a reigning king is 国王こくおう (こくおう). A queen is 女王じょおう (じょおう), and be careful: it is じょおう, not じょうおう.

王おう is a kanji every anime fan meets early: the Demon King, the Pirate King, the king of a fantasy realm. It also leads to a few words that have nothing to do with royalty, like 王道おうどう (おうどう), "the royal road", which means "a classic, the standard way". This post covers the royal family words, the pronunciation trap in 女王じょおう, the everyday 王おう words, and why Japan's own monarch is not called a king.

How do you say "king" in Japanese?

What are the basic words?

王おう (おう) is the kanji and the formal word; 王様おうさま (おうさま) is the everyday and storybook word; 国王こくおう (こくおう) is the king of a real country.

昔々むかしむかし、ある国くにに王様おうさまがいました。 — Once upon a time, there was a king in a certain country. (polite, the classic fairy-tale opening) 国王こくおうが来日らいにちした。 — The king visited Japan. (news style)

王様おうさま is warm and a little childlike, perfect for stories and games. 国王こくおう is what newspapers use for a real head of state. In compounds, plain 王おう does the work: 王国おうこく (おうこく, kingdom), 王子おうじ (おうじ, prince).

What are the other royal words?

Word Reading Meaning
女王じょおう じょおう queen
王子おうじ おうじ prince
王女おうじょ おうじょ princess (formal)
姫ひめ ひめ princess (storybook)
王国おうこく おうこく kingdom
王妃おうひ おうひ queen consort

白雪姫しらゆきひめは美うつくしいお姫様ひめさまです。 — Snow White is a beautiful princess. (polite, 姫ひめ is the storybook word)

姫ひめ and お姫様ひめさま (おひめさま) are the fairy-tale princess; 王女おうじょ is the formal title. 王子様おうじさま (おうじさま) is the storybook "Prince Charming", and girls in manga sometimes dream of their 白馬はくばの王子様おうじさま, "prince on a white horse".

Why is 女王じょおう read じょおう?

Because 女おんな (じょ) + 王おう (おう) simply join: じょ・お・う. Learners often say じょうおう with an extra う, but the correct reading is じょおう.

女王様じょおうさまの命令めいれいだ。 — It's the queen's order. (dramatic, a fantasy line)

Writing it in hiragana makes the trap obvious: じょおう goes straight from ょ to お, with no う after the ょ. Our post on long vowels explains why these small differences matter.

Beyond the basics

What does 王道おうどう mean?

王道おうどう (おうどう), literally "the king's road", means "the classic, standard, orthodox way" of doing something.

これは王道おうどうの少年漫画しょうねんまんがだ。 — This is a classic shonen manga. (casual, praising a typical, satisfying story) カレーにはご飯はんが王道おうどうだ。 — Rice is the classic match for curry. (casual)

It is usually a positive word: 王道おうどう means "the tried-and-true path that works". Fans use it constantly to describe stories that follow the classic formula well: friendship, training, a big final battle. Its opposite is often 邪道じゃどう (じゃどう), "an unorthodox, heretical way".

What is 海賊かいぞく王おう?

海賊かいぞく王おう (かいぞくおう), "Pirate King", is the dream of Luffy in ONE PIECE: 海賊かいぞく王おうに俺おれはなる! "I'm gonna be King of the Pirates!"

海賊かいぞく王おうに俺おれはなる! — I'm gonna be King of the Pirates! (casual, rough, one of anime's most famous lines)

Notice the word order: Luffy puts 海賊かいぞく王おうに first for emphasis, before 俺おれはなる. The normal order would be 俺おれは海賊かいぞく王おうになる. Shifting it gives the line its punch. Our post on Japanese word order shows how flexible it can be.

What other 王おう words are used every day?

王おう also means "champion" or "the best at something".

彼かれはクイズ王おうだ。 — He's the quiz king. (casual, a champion at quizzes) 今年ことしの王者おうじゃはどのチーム? — Which team is this year's champion? (casual, sports)

〇〇王おう (〇〇おう), "the king of 〇〇", is a common pattern for a champion: クイズ王おう, 大食たいしょくい王おう (eating champion). 王者おうじゃ (おうじゃ) is the champion of a league or a title.

Is Japan's emperor a king?

No. Japan's monarch is the 天皇てんのう (てんのう), usually translated "emperor", and the word 王おう is not used for him.

天皇陛下てんのうへいか — His Majesty the Emperor (formal, the respectful title)

天皇てんのう is a unique title with its own history, and 陛下へいか (へいか) is the respectful title, "His Majesty". Calling him 王様おうさま would sound strange and inappropriate.

What is 王様おうさまゲーム?

王様おうさまゲーム (おうさまゲーム), "the King Game", is a party game where the person who draws the king card gives orders to others by number.

王様おうさまの命令めいれいは絶対ぜったい! — The king's orders are absolute! (casual, the game's famous rule)

It is a classic scene in anime and manga set at parties or school trips, usually leading to embarrassing orders. In real life it is a party game that some groups still play, though the orders can be uncomfortable.

How does キング compare with 王おう?

キング is used in katakana names, cards, chess and brands; 王おう is used for real and fictional kings.

トランプのキング。 — The king in a deck of cards. (neutral)

In shogi, Japanese chess, the king piece is 王将おうしょう (おうしょう) or 玉将ぎょくしょう (ぎょくしょう). Card games and Western chess use キング.

Common mistakes

  • Reading 女王じょおう as じょうおう. It is じょおう.
  • Calling Japan's emperor 王様おうさま. He is 天皇てんのう.
  • Thinking 王道おうどう is about royalty. It means "the classic way".
  • Using 王女おうじょ in fairy tales. Storybooks usually say お姫様ひめさま.
  • Saying 王様おうさま in news about a real country. The news word is 国王こくおう.

Quick comparison

Word Reading Meaning Feel
王おう おう king formal, compounds
王様おうさま おうさま king fairy tales, games
国王こくおう こくおう reigning king news
女王じょおう じょおう queen formal, fantasy
お姫様ひめさま おひめさま princess storybook
王道おうどう おうどう the classic way everyday
天皇てんのう てんのう Japan's emperor formal

Practice

Try each answer yourself before opening it. Questions 3 and 4 are a pair: the same kanji 王おう (おう) in second and first position.

1. Open a fairy tale: "Once upon a time, there was a king."

Show answer

昔々むかしむかし、王様おうさまがいました — 王様おうさま is the storybook word.

2. Which word do news reports use for a real country's king?

Show answer

国王こくおう (こくおう) — the formal word.

3. How do you read 女王じょおう?

Show answer

じょおう — not じょうおう.

4. How do you read 王子おうじ?

Show answer

おうじ — "prince". 王おう is おう again, this time first, so there is no じょ in front of it. This is the pair to question 3.

5. A friend calls a manga 王道おうどう. Is that praise or criticism?

Show answer

Usually praise — 王道おうどう means a classic, satisfying formula.

6. What is Luffy's dream in ONE PIECE?

Show answer

海賊かいぞく王おう (Pirate King) — 海賊かいぞく王おうに俺おれはなる!

7. Someone always wins quiz shows. What might friends call them?

Show answer

クイズ王おう — 〇〇王おう means "king of 〇〇", a champion.

8. What is Japan's monarch called?

Show answer

天皇てんのう (てんのう) — usually translated "emperor", not 王おう.

9. What is the storybook word for princess?

Show answer

お姫様ひめさま (おひめさま) — 王女おうじょ is the formal title.

10. What is the opposite of 王道おうどう?

Show answer

邪道じゃどう (じゃどう) — an unorthodox or heretical way.

FAQ

What is the hiragana for king? おう for 王おう, おうさま for 王様おうさま.

What is the difference between 王おう and 皇こう? 皇こう (こう, おう) appears in words about emperors, like 天皇てんのう and 皇居こうきょ (the Imperial Palace). 王おう is "king".

How do you say "king of the world"? 世界せかいの王おう (せかいのおう), or 世界一せかいいち (せかいいち), "number one in the world", which sounds more natural in speech.

What does 王様おうさま気分きぶん mean? "Feeling like a king": being treated like royalty. ホテルで王様おうさま気分きぶん is "feeling like a king at the hotel".

Is 女王様じょおうさま a normal word? In fairy tales and fantasy, yes. In other contexts it can describe a bossy, domineering woman, so use it with care.

What is 王将おうしょう? The king piece in shogi, Japanese chess. 王将おうしょう is also the name of a popular restaurant chain.

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab — the first column becomes the front, the second the back.

王	おう — king
王様	おうさま — king (storybook, everyday)
国王	こくおう — reigning king
女王	じょおう — queen
王子	おうじ — prince
王女	おうじょ — princess (formal)
お姫様	おひめさま — princess (storybook)
王国	おうこく — kingdom
王道	おうどう — the classic, standard way
邪道	じゃどう — unorthodox way
海賊王	かいぞくおう — Pirate King
王者	おうじゃ — champion
天皇	てんのう — Emperor of Japan
陛下	へいか — His/Her Majesty
王将	おうしょう — king piece in shogi

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime, so most of the example sentences on this blog come from lines I've actually heard students ask about. 王道おうどう is one of my favorite words to teach anime fans, because they already know the feeling of a classic story before they know the word. For practice with feedback, Book a trial lesson · $13, or work through Japanese practice exercises first.

Sources: the author's own lessons and standard Japanese dictionaries.

More drills like the ones above, plus a timed JLPT-style mock test: Practice · N4 · Read something at this level: JLPT N4 stories with audio

More “What Anime Teaches” articles →

Want to try this in a real conversation?

30-minute trial lesson, $13. Times shown in your own timezone.

Practice it out loud with a Tokyo native. ★5.0 from 358 italki reviews.

See how the lessons work →

Book a trial lesson · $13