LESSON NOTES · レッスンノート

N5Lesson notes · Oct 4, 2026

House in Japanese: 家いえ (いえ) vs うち, 実家じっか, 一軒家いっけんや, and マンション

"House" in Japanese is 家いえ (いえ). In conversation, people often say うち for "home" or "my place", and うち can also mean "my family" or "our side". Your parents' home is 実家じっか (じっか), even if they moved after you grew up. A detached house is 一軒家いっけんや (いっけんや), and a マンション is an apartment building, not a mansion.

How do you say "house" in Japanese?

What is the difference between 家いえ and うち?

家いえ (いえ) is a house or a home. うち also means "home" or "my place", but it is used in conversation for your own home, family or group: うちの会社かいしゃ is "my company". Both can point to an apartment, not only a house.

すてきな家いえですね。 — That's a lovely house, isn't it? (polite) 今日きょうはうちに来くる? — Want to come over to my place today? (casual) うちの母ははは料理りょうりが上手じょうずです。 — My mother is a good cook. (polite)

The kanji 家いえ can be read うち too, but many people write うち in hiragana when they mean "my place".

How do you say "go home"?

家いえに帰かえる (いえにかえる) and うちに帰かえる are both natural for "to go home".

疲つかれたから、もう家いえに帰かえる。 — I'm tired, so I'm going home. (casual)

For the greetings you say at the door, see ただいま and おかえり.

What is 実家じっか?

実家じっか (じっか) is your parents' home. It does not have to be the house you grew up in, since parents sometimes move.

お正月しょうがつは実家じっかに帰かえります。 — I'm going back to my parents' place for New Year. (polite)

Which word do you use when?

These words overlap, so pick by what you want to say about the place.

Word Use it when… Example
家いえ (いえ) you mean the building or the place you live 駅えきから家いえまで十分じゅうぶんです。 (It's ten minutes from the station to my home.)
うち you talk casually about your own home, family or group うちに来こない? (Why not come over?)
自宅じたく (じたく) forms, work and news; rented homes count too 自宅じたくの住所じゅうしょ (home address)
実家じっか (じっか) you mean your parents' home 実家じっかに帰かえる (go back to my parents' home)
家庭かてい (かてい) you talk about the household or family life, not a place 温あたたかい家庭かてい (a warm household)

You can live in an apartment and still say 家いえ or うち. English speakers often think they must say "apartment" every time, but Japanese does not work that way.

What kinds of houses are there?

What is 一軒家いっけんや?

一軒家いっけんや (いっけんや) is a detached, stand-alone house. 軒けん is the counter for buildings.

将来しょうらいは一軒家いっけんやに住すみたい。 — I want to live in a detached house someday. (casual)

What is the difference between マンション and アパート?

マンション is usually a larger, sturdier apartment building, often concrete. アパート is usually a smaller, often wooden or light-steel building of two or three floors. Real estate companies do not use these words in one fixed way, and neither one means "mansion". See wasei-eigo for other false friends.

駅えきの近ちかくのマンションに住すんでいる。 — I live in an apartment near the station. (casual)

マンション can be bought or rented, so "condo" is only right in some contexts. For housing costs, see rent in Japanese.

What is 自宅じたく?

自宅じたく (じたく) is "one's own home", a slightly formal word used in forms, work and news: 自宅じたくの住所じゅうしょ is "home address". It does not mean you own the home.

今日きょうは自宅じたくで仕事しごとをしています。 — I'm working from home today. (polite)

Word Reading Meaning
家いえ いえ house, home
うち うち home, my place, my family
実家じっか じっか parents' home
自宅じたく じたく one's home (formal)
一軒家いっけんや いっけんや detached house
マンション マンション apartment building
アパート アパート small apartment building
玄関げんかん げんかん entryway

Beyond the basics

What is 玄関げんかん?

玄関げんかん (げんかん) is the entryway where you take off your shoes before stepping up into the house. For visiting etiquette, see お邪魔じゃまします.

靴くつは玄関げんかんで脱だつ(ぬ)いでください。 — Please take your shoes off in the entryway. (polite)

What does 家族かぞく mean?

家族かぞく (かぞく) means family. The kanji 家いえ shows up in many family words, which can help you remember it.

家族かぞくと一緒いっしょ(いっしょ)に住すんでいる。 — I live with my family. (casual)

What does 家いえでゴロゴロする mean?

家いえでゴロゴロする means to laze around at home.

休やすみの日ひは家いえでゴロゴロしている。 — On my days off I just laze around at home. (casual)

Common mistakes

  • Calling a big detached house マンション. マンション is an apartment building.
  • Saying 私わたしの家族かぞくの家いえ for "my parents' home". It is roundabout and shifts the meaning. Use 実家じっか.
  • Using うち in very formal writing. Use 自宅じたく or 家いえ.
  • Reading 一軒家いっけんや as いちけんや. It is いっけんや.
  • Using 家いえに帰かえる for somewhere that is not yours. 友達ともだちの家いえに行いく is "go to a friend's house", and 家いえに帰かえる is "go home".

Practice

Try each answer before opening it. These questions use new situations, not the examples above.

1. Say politely, "That's a lovely house, isn't it?" about a neighbor's place.

Show answer

すてきな家いえですね。 — 家いえ is the house as a building; ですね asks the listener to agree.

2. Say casually, "I'm exhausted, so I'm heading home" using うち.

Show answer

疲つかれたから、うちに帰かえるね。 — 家いえに帰かえる and うちに帰かえる are both natural. うち is just the conversational choice, not a different meaning.

3. Say you live in a rented apartment (building) near the university.

Show answer

大学だいがくの近ちかくのアパートに住すんでいます。 — アパート is a common word for a smaller apartment building, but it is a tendency, not a legal definition. マンション would also be possible.

4. Invite a friend more clearly: "Why don't you come to my place tomorrow?"

Show answer

明日あした、うちに来こない? — 〜ない? is a softer, clearer invitation than 来くる?, which can sound like a schedule check.

5. Say politely, "I go to my parents' home every summer."

Show answer

毎年まいとし、夏なつは実家じっかに帰かえります。 — 実家じっか is your parents' home, even if they moved after you grew up. 帰かえる fits because it is your own base.

6. Say "My company is small" using the うち sense of "our side".

Show answer

うちの会社かいしゃは小ちいさいです。 — うち can mean the group you belong to, not just a building.

7. Say politely, "I work from home on Fridays."

Show answer

金曜日きんようびは自宅じたくで仕事しごとをします。 — 自宅じたく is neutral-to-formal, and works for rented homes too, not only for houses you own.

8. Tell a guest, "Please leave your umbrella in the entryway."

Show answer

傘かさは玄関げんかんに置おいてください。 — 玄関げんかん is the entryway of a home or building.

9. Say casually, "On Sundays I just laze around at home."

Show answer

日曜日にちようびは家いえでゴロゴロしてる。 — ゴロゴロ means idling; you do not literally roll. してる is the casual spoken form of している.

10. Choose the verb: 友達ともだちの家いえに(行いく/帰かえる)。 "I'm going to a friend's house."

Show answer

友達ともだちの家いえに行いく。 — 行いく, because a friend's house is not your own base. 帰かえる is only for returning to where you live.

FAQ

Can I say 家いえ if I live in an apartment? Yes. 家いえ and うち both work for any home, including an apartment or a rented room.

Is うち rude or childish? No, it is ordinary spoken Japanese. Switch to 自宅じたく or 私わたしの家いえ in formal speech or writing.

Is 実家じっか still 実家じっか if my parents sold the house? Yes. It points to your parents' home, wherever that is now.

How do I count houses? Buildings are counted with 軒けん (けん): 一軒いっけん、二軒にけん、三軒さんけん (いっけん、にけん、さんげん).

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab — the first column becomes the front, the second the back.

家	いえ — house, home
うち	うち — home, my place, my family
実家	じっか — parents' home
自宅	じたく — one's home (formal)
一軒家	いっけんや — detached house
マンション	マンション — apartment building
アパート	アパート — small apartment building
玄関	げんかん — entryway
家族	かぞく — family
帰る	かえる — to return; to go home
家庭	かてい — household, family life

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime. 実家じっか is a word learners need as soon as they talk about holidays, and the マンション mix-up is the false friend that surprises almost everyone. For practice with feedback, Book a trial lesson · $13, or try the Japanese practice exercises first.

Sources: the author's own lessons and standard reference grammars.

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