LESSON NOTES · レッスンノート

N5Lesson notes · Oct 4, 2026

Gray in Japanese: 灰色はいいろ (はいいろ), グレー, ねずみ色いろ, and グレーゾーン

"Gray" in Japanese is 灰色はいいろ (はいいろ), literally "ash color", or the loanword グレー. A traditional name is ねずみ色いろ (ねずみいろ), "mouse color". A gray area is a グレーゾーン, and hair that has gone gray with age is 白髪しらが (しらが), "white hair", not 灰色はいいろの髪かみ.

Gray is a quiet, practical color in Japanese: suits, skies, concrete and uncertainty. The traditional words come from ash and mice, while the loanword dominates fashion. 灰色はいいろ also carries a gloomy feeling, like English "gray days". This post covers the color words and the expressions around them.

How do you say "gray" in Japanese?

What does 灰色はいいろ mean?

灰色はいいろ (はいいろ), "ash color", is gray. 灰はい (はい) is ash. Like ピンク and 緑みどり, it has no い-adjective: say 灰色はいいろの.

灰色はいいろの雲くもが出でてきた。 — Gray clouds have come out. (casual) 灰色はいいろのコートを着きている。 — She's wearing a gray coat. (casual)

For color grammar, see Japanese colors.

What is グレー?

グレー is the loanword for gray, very common in fashion, products and business. ライトグレー and ダークグレー describe shades.

グレーのスーツを買かった。 — I bought a gray suit. (casual)

What is ねずみ色いろ?

ねずみ色いろ (ねずみいろ), "mouse color", is a traditional name for medium gray. It sounds a little old-fashioned.

ねずみ色いろの作業着さぎょうぎ。 — A mouse-gray work uniform. (noun phrase)

What does gray mean beyond color?

What is グレーゾーン?

グレーゾーン, "gray zone", is a gray area: something not clearly allowed or forbidden.

それはルールのグレーゾーンだ。 — That's a gray area in the rules. (casual)

What does 灰色はいいろの mean as a mood?

灰色はいいろ can describe a gloomy, dull mood or life: 灰色はいいろの毎日まいにち is "dreary days".

雨あめが続つづいて、灰色はいいろの毎日まいにちだ。 — It keeps raining; every day feels gray. (casual)

For weather words, see Japanese weather vocabulary.

How do you say "gray hair"?

Gray hair is 白髪しらが (しらが), "white hair", even when it looks gray. 白髪しらが交まじり (しらがまじり) is "salt-and-pepper hair".

父ちちは白髪しらが交まじりの髪かみだ。 — My father has salt-and-pepper hair. (casual)

Word Reading Meaning
灰色はいいろ はいいろ gray
灰はい はい ash
グレー グレー gray (loanword)
ねずみ色いろ ねずみいろ mouse gray
グレーゾーン グレーゾーン gray area
白髪しらが しらが gray/white hair
白髪しらが交まじり しらがまじり salt-and-pepper hair
曇くもり くもり cloudy

Beyond the basics

What is 灰皿はいざら?

灰皿はいざら (はいざら), "ash plate", is an ashtray.

灰皿はいざらはありますか? — Is there an ashtray? (polite)

What does 曇くもり mean?

曇くもり (くもり) is cloudy weather, the gray-sky forecast.

今日きょうは一日いちにち曇くもりだ。 — It's cloudy all day today. (casual)

What is 銀鼠ぎんねず?

銀鼠ぎんねず (ぎんねず), "silver mouse", is a light silvery gray used in traditional clothing. Japanese has dozens of old gray names, a sign of how much traditional fashion valued subtle colors.

What gray words appear in fashion?

Clothing shops use チャコールグレー (charcoal gray), 杢もくグレー (もくグレー, heather gray) and モノトーン (black, white and gray outfits).

モノトーンのコーデが好すき。 — I like monotone outfits. (casual)

What is 火山灰かざんばい?

火山灰かざんばい (かざんばい) is volcanic ash. In Kagoshima, near the active volcano Sakurajima, weather reports include where the ash will fall, and ash sometimes covers cars and streets in gray.

火山灰かざんばいで車くるまが灰色はいいろになった。 — The car turned gray with volcanic ash. (casual)

Note the reading change: 灰はい is はい alone but ばい in 火山灰かざんばい.

Common mistakes

  • Saying 灰色はいいろい. Use 灰色はいいろの.
  • Saying 灰色はいいろの髪かみ for hair gone gray with age. Use 白髪しらが (灰色はいいろの髪かみ or グレーの髪かみ is for dyed or anime-style hair).
  • Reading 灰色はいいろ as かいいろ. It is はいいろ.
  • Thinking ねずみ色いろ is a cute mouse pattern. It is just gray.
  • Using グレーゾーン for a gray color area. It means a legal or rule-based gray area.

Practice

Try each answer before opening it. Questions 3 and 4 are a pair: the loanword versus the traditional word.

1. Say "Gray clouds have come out."

Show answer

灰色はいいろの雲くもが出でてきた。 — 灰色はいいろの.

2. Say "She's wearing a gray coat."

Show answer

灰色はいいろのコートを着きている。 — 灰色はいいろ.

3. Say "I bought a gray suit," with the loanword.

Show answer

グレーのスーツを買かった。 — グレー.

4. Describe a mouse-gray work uniform with the traditional word.

Show answer

ねずみ色いろの作業着さぎょうぎ。 — ねずみ色いろ. This is the pair to question 3.

5. Say "That's a gray area in the rules."

Show answer

それはルールのグレーゾーンだ。 — グレーゾーン.

6. Say "It keeps raining; every day feels gray."

Show answer

雨あめが続つづいて、灰色はいいろの毎日まいにちだ。 — gloomy 灰色はいいろ.

7. Say "My father has salt-and-pepper hair."

Show answer

父ちちは白髪しらが交まじりの髪かみだ。 — 白髪しらが交まじり.

8. Ask politely if there is an ashtray.

Show answer

灰皿はいざらはありますか? — 灰皿はいざら.

9. Say "It's cloudy all day today."

Show answer

今日きょうは一日いちにち曇くもりだ。 — 曇くもり.

10. Fix: 灰色はいいろいセーター。

Show answer

灰色はいいろのセーター。 — no い-adjective.

FAQ

How do you say "gray" in Japanese? 灰色はいいろ (はいいろ) or グレー.

What does 灰色はいいろ literally mean? "Ash color".

How do you say "gray hair"? 白髪しらが (しらが).

What is グレーゾーン? A gray area, not clearly allowed or forbidden.

What is ねずみ色いろ? A traditional word for gray, "mouse color".

Can I say 灰色はいいろい? No. Use 灰色はいいろの.

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab — the first column becomes the front, the second the back.

灰色	はいいろ — gray
灰	はい — ash
グレー	グレー — gray
ねずみ色	ねずみいろ — mouse gray
グレーゾーン	グレーゾーン — gray area
白髪交じり	しらがまじり — salt-and-pepper hair
灰皿	はいざら — ashtray
曇り	くもり — cloudy
雲	くも — cloud
作業着	さぎょうぎ — work clothes
火山灰	かざんばい — volcanic ash
モノトーン	モノトーン — monotone

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime. 灰色はいいろ is the color learners least expect to mean "ash", and 白髪しらが for gray hair is a small surprise that comes up whenever we describe family members. For practice with feedback, Book a trial lesson · $13, or try the Japanese practice exercises first.

Sources: the author's own lessons and standard reference dictionaries.

More drills like the ones above, plus a timed JLPT-style mock test: Practice · N5 · Read something at this level: JLPT N5 stories with audio

More “Describing Things: Japanese Adjectives & Opposites” articles →

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