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N3Lesson notes · Oct 4, 2026

Efficient in Japanese: 効率こうりつがいい, 効率的こうりつてき, and why it is 非効率ひこうりつ, not 不ふ効率こうりつ

"Efficient" in Japanese is 効率こうりつがいい (こうりつがいい), "the efficiency is good", or 効率的こうりつてき (こうりつてき). "Efficiently" is 効率こうりつよく. The opposite, "inefficient", is 非効率ひこうりつ (ひこうりつ) or 効率こうりつが悪わるい. A common mistake is 不ふ効率こうりつ, which is not standard Japanese.

Efficiency is a favorite topic in Japanese workplaces, productivity books and, lately, in casual talk about saving time. The core word is 効率こうりつ (こうりつ), "efficiency", and almost everything else is built from it. The tricky part is the negative: Japanese has several prefixes for "not", and 効率こうりつ takes 非ひ, not 不ふ. This post covers the words, the negative, and two everyday expressions for people who get things done smoothly.

How do you say "efficient" in Japanese?

What does 効率こうりつがいい mean?

効率こうりつがいい (こうりつがいい) means "efficient": something produces a good result for the effort or time. 効率こうりつ is "efficiency", and いい makes it good.

このやり方かたは効率こうりつがいい。 — This method is efficient. (casual) 電車でんしゃのほうが効率こうりつがいいです。 — The train is more efficient. (polite, comparing options)

The kanji are 効こう (effect) and 率りつ (rate), so 効率こうりつ is literally "the rate of effect".

What does 効率的こうりつてき mean?

効率的こうりつてき (こうりつてき) is a な-adjective meaning "efficient", common in writing and business. Before a noun it takes な: 効率的こうりつてきな方法ほうほう, "an efficient method".

効率的こうりつてきな勉強法べんきょうほうを探さがしている。 — I'm looking for an efficient way to study. (casual) 会議かいぎをもっと効率的こうりつてきにしたい。 — I want to make meetings more efficient. (casual, work)

効率的こうりつてきに + verb means "efficiently": 効率的こうりつてきに働はたらく, "to work efficiently".

What does 効率こうりつよく mean?

効率こうりつよく (こうりつよく) means "efficiently", an adverb used before verbs. It is very common in conversation.

時間じかんを効率こうりつよく使つかいたい。 — I want to use my time efficiently. (casual, a goal)

For study habits that make the most of your time, see how to study Japanese by yourself.

How do you say "inefficient"?

Why is it 非効率ひこうりつ and not 不ふ効率こうりつ?

Japanese has several "not" prefixes, 不ふ, 非ひ, 無む, 未み, and each word takes a specific one. 効率こうりつ takes 非ひ: 非効率ひこうりつ (ひこうりつ), "inefficient".

このシステムは非効率ひこうりつだ。 — This system is inefficient. (neutral, a criticism) それは効率こうりつが悪わるいよ。 — That's inefficient. (casual, the everyday version)

効率こうりつが悪わるい is the easiest way to say it in conversation. 非効率ひこうりつ sounds more like a report or a business discussion. 不ふ効率こうりつ is a natural guess, but it is not standard, and native speakers will notice it.

Phrase Reading Meaning Tone
効率こうりつがいい こうりつがいい efficient casual, neutral
効率的こうりつてき こうりつてき efficient written, business
効率こうりつよく こうりつよく efficiently conversation
効率こうりつが悪わるい こうりつがわるい inefficient casual
非効率ひこうりつ ひこうりつ inefficient written, business
効率化こうりつか こうりつか streamlining business

What other words take 非ひ?

非ひ is used with many abstract or formal words: 非常識ひじょうしき (ひじょうしき, lacking common sense), 非公式ひこうしき (ひこうしき, unofficial), 非協力的ひきょうりょくてき (uncooperative). 不ふ goes with others: 不便ふべん (inconvenient), 不安ふあん (anxious), 不可能ふかのう (impossible). There is no simple rule, so learn each word with its prefix.

それは非常識ひじょうしきだよ。 — That's just not okay (it lacks common sense). (casual, a criticism)

Beyond the basics

What does 効率化こうりつか mean?

効率化こうりつか (こうりつか) means "streamlining" or "making more efficient". 効率化こうりつかする is the verb. It is a business favorite.

作業さぎょうを効率化こうりつかするために、ツールを導入どうにゅうした。 — We introduced a tool to streamline our work. (neutral, business)

〜化か turns a noun into "becoming ~" or "making ~", like English "-ization": 自動化じどうか (automation), デジタル化か (digitization).

What does 要領ようりょうがいい mean?

要領ようりょうがいい (ようりょうがいい) describes someone who knows how to get things done efficiently, finding shortcuts and handling tasks smoothly. It can be praise, but sometimes it hints at someone who does the minimum to get by.

彼女かのじょは要領ようりょうがいいから、仕事しごとが早はやい。 — She knows how to work smart, so she's fast. (casual, praise) 要領ようりょうが悪わるくて、いつも時間じかんがかかる。 — I'm clumsy at organizing things, so it always takes me ages. (casual, self-critical)

What does 手際てぎわがいい mean?

手際てぎわがいい (てぎわがいい) means skillful and quick with your hands: deft. It is the praise for someone who cooks, wraps or fixes things quickly and neatly.

店員てんいんさんの包装ほうそうは手際てぎわがいい。 — The shop clerk wraps things so deftly. (casual, admiring)

For a related personality pair, see のんびり and てきぱき.

How is 効率こうりつ related to タイパ?

タイパ, short for タイムパフォーマンス, is slang for "time efficiency": how much value you get for your time. It is like a casual, everyday spin on 効率こうりつ. We compare it with コスパ in コスパ vs タイパ.

Common mistakes

  • Saying 不ふ効率こうりつ. The standard word is 非効率ひこうりつ, or casually 効率こうりつが悪わるい.
  • Saying 効率こうりつな方法ほうほう. 効率こうりつ is a noun. Use 効率的こうりつてきな方法ほうほう or 効率こうりつのいい方法ほうほう.
  • Using 要領ようりょうがいい only as praise. It can hint at doing the minimum.
  • Overusing 効率的こうりつてき in casual talk. 効率こうりつがいい sounds more natural with friends.
  • Confusing 効率こうりつ and 能率のうりつ. 能率のうりつ (のうりつ) is similar but focuses on output per time, often of a person's work. 効率こうりつ is the more general word.

Practice

Try each answer before opening it. Questions 3 and 4 are a pair: the casual and the formal negative.

1. Say "This method is efficient."

Show answer

このやり方かたは効率こうりつがいい。 — 効率こうりつがいい is the casual "efficient".

2. Say "I want to use my time efficiently."

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時間じかんを効率こうりつよく使つかいたい。 — 効率こうりつよく is the adverb "efficiently".

3. Tell a friend casually, "That's inefficient."

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それは効率こうりつが悪わるいよ。 — the everyday negative.

4. In a report, write "This system is inefficient."

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このシステムは非効率ひこうりつだ。 — 非効率ひこうりつ is the formal negative. This is the pair to question 3.

5. Fix: 不ふ効率こうりつなやり方かた。

Show answer

非効率ひこうりつなやり方かた。 — 効率こうりつ takes 非ひ, not 不ふ.

6. Say "I'm looking for an efficient way to study."

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効率的こうりつてきな勉強法べんきょうほうを探さがしている。 — 効率的こうりつてき is a な-adjective.

7. In business: "We introduced a tool to streamline our work."

Show answer

作業さぎょうを効率化こうりつかするために、ツールを導入どうにゅうした。 — 効率化こうりつか is streamlining.

8. Praise a coworker who knows how to work smart.

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要領ようりょうがいいね。 — 要領ようりょうがいい is getting things done smoothly.

9. Admire a clerk who wraps gifts quickly and neatly.

Show answer

手際てぎわがいいですね。 — 手際てぎわがいい is deft with your hands.

10. Which prefix does 常識じょうしき (common sense) take for "lacking common sense": 不ふ or 非ひ?

Show answer

非ひ — 非常識ひじょうしき. Each word takes its own prefix.

In a trial lesson, tell me a way you study that is 効率こうりつがいい and a habit that is 非効率ひこうりつ, and leave out 不ふ効率こうりつ, which is not standard Japanese.

FAQ

How do you say "efficient" in Japanese? 効率こうりつがいい (casual) or 効率的こうりつてき (written, business).

How do you say "inefficient" in Japanese? 効率こうりつが悪わるい (casual) or 非効率ひこうりつ (formal). 不ふ効率こうりつ is not standard.

How do you say "efficiently"? 効率こうりつよく or 効率的こうりつてきに.

What does 効率化こうりつか mean? Streamlining, making something more efficient.

What does 要領ようりょうがいい mean? Knowing how to get things done smoothly and efficiently. It can also hint at doing just enough.

What is タイパ? Slang for time efficiency, short for タイムパフォーマンス.

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab — the first column becomes the front, the second the back.

効率	こうりつ — efficiency
効率がいい	こうりつがいい — efficient
効率的	こうりつてき — efficient
効率よく	こうりつよく — efficiently
効率が悪い	こうりつがわるい — inefficient
非効率	ひこうりつ — inefficient (formal)
効率化	こうりつか — streamlining
非常識	ひじょうしき — lacking common sense
要領がいい	ようりょうがいい — good at getting things done
手際がいい	てぎわがいい — deft, skillful
能率	のうりつ — productivity, output rate
作業	さぎょう — work, task
導入	どうにゅう — introduction (of a system)

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime. 不ふ効率こうりつ is a mistake I have gently corrected in conversation, because it is such a logical guess, and 効率こうりつがいい is the version I suggest for everyday talk. For practice with feedback, Book a trial lesson · $13, or try the Japanese practice exercises first.

Sources: the author's own lessons and standard reference dictionaries.

More drills like the ones above, plus a timed JLPT-style mock test: Practice · N3 · Read something at this level: JLPT N3 stories with audio

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