LESSON NOTES · レッスンノート

N4Lesson notes · Oct 4, 2026

Earth in Japanese: 地球ちきゅう (ちきゅう), 地面じめん, 土つち, 地震じしん, and 地球ちきゅうに優やさしい

"Earth", the planet, is 地球ちきゅう (ちきゅう), literally "ground ball". For the ground under your feet, Japanese uses 地面じめん (じめん), and for soil, 土つち (つち). An earthquake is 地震じしん (じしん), "earth shaking", and "eco-friendly" is 地球ちきゅうに優やさしい (ちきゅうにやさしい), "kind to the earth".

English "earth" covers the planet, the ground and the soil. Japanese uses different words for each, all sharing the kanji 地ち (ground) or 土つち (soil). These words come up in science, news, gardening and, in Japan, in daily conversations about earthquakes. This post covers each meaning and the useful phrases around it.

How do you say "Earth" in Japanese?

What does 地球ちきゅう mean?

地球ちきゅう (ちきゅう), "ground ball", is the planet Earth.

地球ちきゅうは丸まるい。 — The Earth is round. (casual) 地球ちきゅうを守まもろう。 — Let's protect the Earth. (casual, a slogan)

地球ちきゅう has one natural satellite, 月がつ, and moon in Japanese covers the words for it.

For "the world" in a social sense, use 世界せかい (せかい) instead.

What does 地球ちきゅうに優やさしい mean?

地球ちきゅうに優やさしい, "kind to the Earth", means eco-friendly. You will see it on products and ads.

このバッグは地球ちきゅうに優やさしい素材そざいでできている。 — This bag is made from eco-friendly materials. (casual)

What is 地球温暖化ちきゅうおんだんか?

地球温暖化ちきゅうおんだんか (ちきゅうおんだんか) is global warming.

地球温暖化ちきゅうおんだんかで夏なつが暑あつくなっている。 — Summers are getting hotter because of global warming. (casual)

How do you say "ground" and "soil"?

What does 地面じめん mean?

地面じめん (じめん) is the ground surface, what you stand on outside.

雨あめで地面じめんがぬれている。 — The ground is wet from the rain. (casual)

What does 土つち mean?

土つち (つち) is soil or dirt, the material plants grow in.

この土つちは野菜やさいを育そだてるのにいい。 — This soil is good for growing vegetables. (casual)

土つち is also the kanji in 土曜日どようび (どようび), Saturday. In the old seven-planet week, 土つち is the element earth, matched with Saturn, and days of the week in Japanese lines up all seven weekday kanji with their planets.

What does 大地だいち mean?

大地だいち (だいち) is "the great earth": wide land, used in poetic or dramatic writing.

広ひろい大地だいちを走はしる。 — Running across the wide land. (descriptive)

Word Reading Meaning
地球ちきゅう ちきゅう the Earth (planet)
地面じめん じめん the ground
土つち つち soil, dirt
大地だいち だいち the land (poetic)
地震じしん じしん earthquake
地球温暖化ちきゅうおんだんか ちきゅうおんだんか global warming
地球ちきゅうに優やさしい ちきゅうにやさしい eco-friendly
宇宙うちゅう うちゅう space, the universe

Beyond the basics

What does 地震じしん mean?

地震じしん (じしん), "earth shaking", is an earthquake. In Japan, small quakes are common, and people talk about them casually.

今いま、地震じしんがあったね。 — There was just an earthquake, wasn't there? (casual) 地震じしんの時ときは机つくえの下したに隠かくれてください。 — In an earthquake, hide under a desk. (polite)

For weather and disaster words, see Japanese weather vocabulary.

What is 宇宙うちゅう?

宇宙うちゅう (うちゅう) is space or the universe. 宇宙うちゅうから見みた地球ちきゅう is "the Earth seen from space".

宇宙うちゅうから見みた地球ちきゅうは青あおい。 — The Earth seen from space is blue. (casual)

What does 地元じもと have to do with 地ち?

The kanji 地ち (ground, place) appears in many words: 地元じもと (hometown), 地図ちず (map), 地下ちか (underground), 地下鉄ちかてつ (subway).

地下鉄ちかてつで行いこう。 — Let's take the subway. (casual)

How do you say "down-to-earth"?

地ちに足あしがついた (ちにあしがついた), "feet on the ground", means down-to-earth or realistic: a person, plan or way of living that is practical and steady.

彼かれは地ちに足あしがついた考え方かんがえかたをする。 — He has a down-to-earth way of thinking. (casual)

What does 土地とち mean?

土地とち (とち) is land as property: a plot you can buy or build on. 土地とちの人ひと is "a local".

この辺へんは土地とちが高たかい。 — Land around here is expensive. (casual)

Common mistakes

  • Using 地球ちきゅう for the ground. The ground is 地面じめん.
  • Saying 地面じめん for soil in a garden. Soil is 土つち.
  • Reading 地震じしん as ちしん. It is じしん.
  • Reading 地面じめん as ちめん. It is じめん.
  • Forgetting 地球ちきゅうに is followed by 優やさしい. The fixed phrase is 地球ちきゅうに優やさしい.

Practice

Try each answer before opening it. Questions 3 and 4 are a pair: the ground surface versus soil.

1. Say "The Earth is round."

Show answer

地球ちきゅうは丸まるい。 — 地球ちきゅう.

2. Say "This bag is made from eco-friendly materials."

Show answer

このバッグは地球ちきゅうに優やさしい素材そざいでできている。 — 地球ちきゅうに優やさしい.

3. Say "The ground is wet from the rain."

Show answer

雨あめで地面じめんがぬれている。 — 地面じめん.

4. Say "This soil is good for growing vegetables."

Show answer

この土つちは野菜やさいを育そだてるのにいい。 — 土つち. This is the pair to question 3.

5. Say "Summers are getting hotter because of global warming."

Show answer

地球温暖化ちきゅうおんだんかで夏なつが暑あつくなっている。 — 地球温暖化ちきゅうおんだんか.

6. Say casually, "There was just an earthquake, wasn't there?"

Show answer

今いま、地震じしんがあったね。 — 地震じしん.

7. Tell someone politely to hide under a desk in an earthquake.

Show answer

地震じしんの時ときは机つくえの下したに隠かくれてください。 — safety instruction.

8. Say "The Earth seen from space is blue."

Show answer

宇宙うちゅうから見みた地球ちきゅうは青あおい。 — 宇宙うちゅう.

9. Suggest taking the subway.

Show answer

地下鉄ちかてつで行いこう。 — 地下鉄ちかてつ.

10. How do you read 地震じしん?

Show answer

じしん — not ちしん.

Describe the ground, the planet and the soil with 地面じめん, 地球ちきゅう and 土つち in a trial lesson, and rehearse a few 地震じしん phrases while you are at it.

FAQ

How do you say "Earth" (the planet) in Japanese? 地球ちきゅう (ちきゅう).

How do you say "ground"? 地面じめん (じめん).

How do you say "soil"? 土つち (つち).

What does 地震じしん mean? An earthquake.

How do you say "eco-friendly"? 地球ちきゅうに優やさしい.

What is 地球温暖化ちきゅうおんだんか? Global warming.

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab — the first column becomes the front, the second the back.

地球	ちきゅう — the Earth
地面	じめん — the ground
土	つち — soil
大地	だいち — the land
地震	じしん — earthquake
地球温暖化	ちきゅうおんだんか — global warming
地球に優しい	ちきゅうにやさしい — eco-friendly
宇宙	うちゅう — space, universe
地下鉄	ちかてつ — subway
素材	そざい — material
地に足がついた	ちにあしがついた — down-to-earth
土地	とち — land, plot

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime. 地震じしん is a word everyone living in Japan learns in their first month, and the 地球ちきゅう, 地面じめん, 土つち split is a small detail that makes descriptions of nature much clearer. For practice with feedback, Book a trial lesson · $13, or try the Japanese practice exercises first.

Sources: the author's own lessons and standard reference dictionaries.

More drills like the ones above, plus a timed JLPT-style mock test: Practice · N4 · Read something at this level: JLPT N4 stories with audio

More “Animals, Nature & Everyday Places in Japanese” articles →

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