LESSON NOTES · レッスンノート

N5Lesson notes · Oct 4, 2026

Dog in Japanese: 犬いぬ (いぬ), ワンワン, お手て, and the loyal dog ハチ公こう

"Dog" in Japanese is 犬いぬ (いぬ, inu). A puppy is 子犬こいぬ (こいぬ), a dog barks ワンワン (wan wan), and the cute word for a dog is ワンちゃん. To ask a dog for its paw, Japanese owners say お手て (おて).

Dogs are everywhere in Japan, from tiny dogs in strollers to Shiba Inus in parks, and the vocabulary around them is friendly and easy to use. It is also a good door into idioms, where dogs play some surprisingly unflattering roles. This post covers the word, the breeds Japan is famous for, the commands, the idioms, and the story of the most famous dog in Japan.

How do you say "dog" in Japanese?

What is the basic word?

犬いぬ (いぬ) is "dog". In katakana it is イヌ, used in science and some shop names.

犬いぬを飼かっています。 — I have a dog. (polite, literally "I keep a dog") 犬いぬの散歩さんぽに行いってきます。 — I'm going to walk the dog. (polite, a very common daily phrase)

飼かう (かう) is the verb for keeping a pet. Like cats, dogs are alive, so they take いる: 犬いぬがいる. If you want the cat side of the story, our post on cat in Japanese has the matching vocabulary.

What are the words for puppy and different dogs?

Word Reading Meaning
子犬こいぬ こいぬ puppy
小型こがた犬いぬ こがたけん small dog
大型犬おおがたけん おおがたけん large dog
柴犬しばいぬ しばいぬ / しばけん Shiba Inu
秋田あきた犬いぬ あきたいぬ / あきたけん Akita
野良犬のらいぬ のらいぬ stray dog

柴犬しばいぬはとても人気にんきがある。 — Shiba Inus are very popular. (neutral)

Notice that 犬いぬ is read けん in some compounds (小型こがた犬いぬ, 大型犬おおがたけん). Both しばいぬ and しばけん are used for Shiba, and both あきたいぬ and あきたけん for Akita.

What sound does a dog make?

ワンワン (wan wan), and a cute word for "doggy" is ワンちゃん.

犬いぬがワンワンほえている。 — The dog is barking, woof woof. (casual, ほえる = to bark) かわいいワンちゃんですね。 — What a cute dog! (polite, said to an owner)

ワンちゃん is the natural, friendly word when you talk to someone about their dog. Our post on ワンちゃん explains the word in detail.

Beyond the basics

What are the common dog commands?

Japanese owners use short, set commands.

Command Reading Meaning
お手て おて paw (shake)
おかわり おかわり other paw
おすわり おすわり sit
ふせ ふせ down
待まて まて stay, wait
よし よし okay, good

お手て! おすわり! いい子こだね。 — Paw! Sit! Good dog. (casual, to a dog)

おかわり is a fun one: at the dinner table it means "a second helping", but to a dog it means "the other paw". よし releases the dog from 待まて, and it is also the everyday "all right!" people say to themselves.

Who is ハチ公こう?

ハチ公こう (はちこう) is the famous Akita who waited at Shibuya Station for his owner every day for years after the owner died. His statue outside the station is a famous meeting point.

ハチ公こうの前まえで待ち合まちあわせしよう。 — Let's meet in front of Hachiko. (casual, a classic meeting spot)

The story is a symbol of loyalty in Japan, and it has been told in films in both Japan and abroad. 公こう is an old affectionate title added to his name, Hachi.

What does 犬猿けんえんの仲なか mean?

犬猿けんえんの仲なか (けんえんのなか), "the relationship of a dog and a monkey", means two people who cannot stand each other.

あの二人ふたりは犬猿けんえんの仲なかだ。 — Those two fight like cats and dogs. (neutral)

English uses cats and dogs; Japanese uses dogs and monkeys. Our post on Japanese idioms has more animal sayings.

Why is 負け犬まけいぬ an insult?

負け犬まけいぬ (まけいぬ), "a losing dog", means a loser, someone defeated or bitter about it.

負け犬まけいぬにはなりたくない。 — I don't want to be a loser. (casual, determined)

It is a strong word, common in sports and anime rivalries. 負け犬まけいぬの遠吠とおぼええ (まけいぬのとおぼえ), "the howl of a beaten dog", describes complaining from someone who already lost.

How else are dogs used as insults?

〇〇の犬いぬ, "〇〇's dog", means someone's lackey, a person who blindly obeys.

お前まえは会社かいしゃの犬いぬだ。 — You're just the company's dog. (rough, insulting)

In police and crime dramas, you may hear 警察けいさつの犬いぬ, "the police's dog", for an informer. It is harsh, so recognize it but avoid it.

How do dogs appear in anime?

犬いぬ夜叉やしゃ (いぬやしゃ) is a classic series about a half-dog demon, and dogs are common sidekicks.

犬いぬみたいに忠実ちゅうじつだ。 — He's as loyal as a dog. (neutral, a compliment in this sense)

Loyalty is the positive side of dogs in Japanese, thanks partly to ハチ公こう. 忠実ちゅうじつ (ちゅうじつ) means "loyal, faithful".

What is the year of the dog?

戌年いぬどし (いぬどし) is the year of the dog in the zodiac, written with the special kanji 戌いぬ. Like the dragon's 辰たつ, the zodiac uses its own set of kanji.

Common mistakes

  • Using あります for a dog. Dogs are alive: 犬いぬがいます.
  • Counting dogs with つ. Use 匹ひき: 一匹いっぴき (いっぴき). Very large dogs are sometimes counted with 頭あたま (とう).
  • Calling a stranger's dog 犬いぬ directly. It sounds blunt. ワンちゃん is friendlier.
  • Using 負け犬まけいぬ jokingly with someone who just lost. It stings.
  • Writing the dog zodiac year as 犬いぬ年ねん. It is 戌年いぬどし.

Quick comparison

Word Reading Meaning
犬いぬ いぬ dog
子犬こいぬ こいぬ puppy
ワンちゃん ワンちゃん doggy (friendly)
ワンワン ワンワン woof woof
お手て おて paw (command)
犬猿けんえんの仲なか けんえんのなか fighting like cats and dogs
負け犬まけいぬ まけいぬ loser
ハチ公こう はちこう the loyal Akita of Shibuya

Practice

Try each answer yourself before opening it. Questions 5 and 6 are a pair: one word, two meanings.

1. Say "I have a dog" politely.

Show answer

犬いぬを飼かっています — 飼かう is "to keep a pet".

2. What is a puppy?

Show answer

子犬こいぬ (こいぬ) — 子こ means "child".

3. Compliment a stranger's dog politely.

Show answer

かわいいワンちゃんですね — ワンちゃん is the friendly word.

4. What command asks a dog to sit?

Show answer

おすわり — and ふせ is "down".

5. At dinner, someone says おかわり! What do they want?

Show answer

A second helping — more food.

6. A dog owner says おかわり to the dog. What does the dog do?

Show answer

Gives the other paw — after お手て. This is the pair to question 5.

7. Two coworkers can't stand each other. Which idiom fits?

Show answer

犬猿けんえんの仲なか — "dog and monkey".

8. What does 負け犬まけいぬ mean?

Show answer

A loser — someone defeated.

9. Suggest meeting at the famous dog statue in Shibuya.

Show answer

ハチ公こうの前まえで待ち合まちあわせしよう — a classic meeting point.

10. How is the year of the dog written?

Show answer

戌年いぬどし (いぬどし) — with the zodiac kanji 戌いぬ.

In a trial lesson, talk about your dog, or one you wish you had, using お手て for the paw and おかわり for both the other paw and a second helping.

FAQ

What is the hiragana for dog? いぬ.

What is the difference between 犬いぬ and ワンちゃん? 犬いぬ is the neutral word. ワンちゃん is cute and friendly, best when talking about someone's pet.

How do you say "I'm a dog person"? 犬派いぬはです (いぬはです). The opposite is 猫派ねこは (ねこは), "cat person".

What does 犬いぬも歩あるけば棒ぼうに当あたる mean? "A dog that walks around will bump into a stick": if you go out and act, you will meet both trouble and luck.

Is 犬いぬ ever a compliment? Through its loyalty, yes: 犬いぬみたいに忠実ちゅうじつ. But 〇〇の犬いぬ is an insult.

What is 番犬ばんけん? 番犬ばんけん (ばんけん) is a watchdog or guard dog.

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab — the first column becomes the front, the second the back.

犬	いぬ — dog
子犬	こいぬ — puppy
飼う	かう — to keep (a pet)
散歩	さんぽ — a walk
柴犬	しばいぬ — Shiba Inu
秋田犬	あきたいぬ — Akita
ワンちゃん	ワンちゃん — doggy (friendly)
ほえる	ほえる — to bark
お手	おて — paw (dog command)
おすわり	おすわり — sit (dog command)
待て	まて — stay, wait (dog command)
犬猿の仲	けんえんのなか — fighting like cats and dogs
負け犬	まけいぬ — loser
忠実	ちゅうじつ — loyal, faithful
戌年	いぬどし — year of the dog
番犬	ばんけん — watchdog

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime, so most of the example sentences on this blog come from lines I've actually heard students ask about. Pets are an easy first topic in conversation, and dog words like お手て and おかわり are a fun reminder that one word can do two jobs. For practice with feedback, Book a trial lesson · $13, or work through Japanese practice exercises first.

Sources: the author's own lessons and standard Japanese dictionaries.

More drills like the ones above, plus a timed JLPT-style mock test: Practice · N5 · Read something at this level: JLPT N5 stories with audio

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