LESSON NOTES · レッスンノート

Talking to real people · Sep 21, 2026

Business Japanese vocabulary the JLPT never teaches you

Japanese offices run on a vocabulary that sits just outside the JLPT: not difficult words, just words nobody teaches, because they only appear once you are inside a company.

You can pass N2 and still stall in your first meeting, because 進捗しんちょく and 懸念けねん and 承知しょうちしました did not come up in any textbook chapter. This is the list, sorted by how often you will meet each one.

The basics

御社おんしゃ and 弊社へいしゃ: your company and mine

These are the first two to learn, because you will need them in the first five minutes of any external conversation.

Word Reading Means Used
御社おんしゃ おんしゃ Your company Spoken
貴社きしゃ きしゃ Your company Written
弊社へいしゃ へいしゃ Our company (humble) Both
当社とうしゃ とうしゃ Our company (neutral) Both
うち うち Our place (casual) Internal only

御社おんしゃのサービスについて伺うかがいたいのですが。 — I'd like to ask about your company's service. (polite, on the phone) 弊社へいしゃとしては、来月らいげつからを希望きぼうしております。 — On our side, we would prefer to start from next month. (formal)

The 御社おんしゃ / 貴社きしゃ split is purely spoken versus written, and getting it wrong is a small but noticeable slip. In an email, 貴社きしゃ.

承知しょうちしました, 了解りょうかいしました, かしこまりました

All three mean "understood," and they are not interchangeable. This is the single most consequential item on the list.

承知しょうちしました。 — Understood. (to a superior or a client — the safe default) かしこまりました。 — Certainly. (to a customer, service register) 了解りょうかいしました。 — Got it. (to a peer or someone below you) 了解りょうかいです。/りょ。 — Got it. (casual and very casual — colleagues only)

了解りょうかいしました is the one that gets learners in trouble. It looks polite, and many Japanese workers treat it as inappropriate toward a superior. Default to 承知しょうちしました and you will never be wrong.

The status words

進捗しんちょくはいかがですか。 — How is progress? (polite; しんちょく, the word that appears in every status meeting) 納期のうきは来週末らいしゅうまつです。 — The deadline is the end of next week. (polite; のうき is a delivery deadline, 締め切しめきり is a general one) 在庫ざいこが足たりません。 — We're short on stock. (polite; ざいこ)

進捗しんちょく, 納期のうき, 締め切しめきり, 在庫ざいこ, 業界ぎょうかい (industry), 需要じゅよう (demand), 供給きょうきゅう (supply). Seven words and you can follow most of a planning meeting.

Beyond the basics

The words that soften a request

Japanese business language spends a lot of effort on the run-up to a request. These three prefixes do most of it:

お手数てすうですが、ご確認かくにんいただけますでしょうか。 — Sorry for the trouble, but could you please confirm? (formal; おてすう = trouble caused to you) 恐おそれ入いりますが、少々しょうしょうお待まちいただけますか。 — I'm terribly sorry, but could you wait a moment? (formal; the service-counter opener) お忙いそがしいところ恐縮きょうしゅくですが。 — I'm sorry to bother you when you're busy. (formal)

None of them carry content. They exist to mark the request as an imposition you are aware of, which is the same instinct running through service keigo.

The opinion words

These turn up in reports and in any discussion of risk.

懸念けねんしております。 — We have concerns. (formal; けねん, softer and more official than 心配しんぱい) データは顕著けんちょな増加ぞうかを示しめしています。 — The data shows a marked increase. (written; けんちょ) 資料しりょうは示唆しさに富とんでいます。 — The materials are highly suggestive. (written; しさ) 詳細しょうさいは割愛かつあいします。 — I'll omit the details. (formal; かつあい, used when skipping part of a presentation) 規則きそくを遵守じゅんしゅしてください。 — Please comply with the rules. (formal; じゅんしゅ)

割愛かつあい is worth a note: it is read かつあい, not わりあい, and it means to leave something out reluctantly. 割合わりあい (わりあい, "proportion") is a different word that looks almost identical.

Where you are, and where you are not

本日ほんじつは在宅勤務ざいたくきんむです。 — I'm working from home today. (polite; ざいたくきんむ, and リモートワーク is used just as much) ただいま外出がいしゅつしております。 — He is out of the office at the moment. (formal; the standard phone answer) 明日あしたは出社しゅっしゃします。 — I'll come into the office tomorrow. (polite; しゅっしゃ)

出社しゅっしゃ is arriving at the office, 退社たいしゃ is leaving for the day — and confusingly it can also mean leaving the company for good. Context, or 退職たいしょく if you want to be unambiguous.

The wider set of words for hours, leave and overtime is in 残業ざんぎょう and the work vocabulary.

Job hunting words

If you are looking for work in Japan, these two cause the most confusion:

説明会せつめいかいに参加さんかします。 — I'm attending an information session. (polite; not a test — a company presentation) 座談会ざだんかいで社員しゃいんの方ほうと話はなしました。 — I talked with employees at a round-table session. (polite)

説明会せつめいかい and 座談会ざだんかい are both parts of 就活しゅうかつ (しゅうかつ, job hunting). Neither is an exam, which is not obvious from the kanji.

The greeting that is not a greeting

お疲つかれ様さまです is the all-purpose workplace phrase: hello, goodbye, thanks, and acknowledgement of effort, depending on where it lands. It is covered in full in お疲つかれ様さま, and it is the single most-used phrase in any Japanese office.

Common mistakes

  • Using 了解りょうかいしました with your boss. Widely felt to be too casual upward. 承知しょうちしました is safe everywhere.
  • Writing 御社おんしゃ in an email. 御社おんしゃ is spoken; 貴社きしゃ is written.
  • Reading 割愛かつあい as わりあい. It is かつあい. 割合わりあい is the different word that means "proportion."
  • Using 心配しんぱい in a report. 心配しんぱい is personal worry; 懸念けねん is the institutional version and is what a document wants.
  • Assuming 説明会せつめいかい is a test. It is a company presentation, and 座談会ざだんかい is a chat with staff.
  • Saying 退社たいしゃ when you mean you are going home. It works, but it also means leaving the company. 失礼しつれいします is the safe way to leave for the day.

Practice

Answers are hidden — say yours first, then open. Questions 1 and 2 are a pair: the same "understood," to two different people.

1. Your manager gives you an instruction. Acknowledge it.

Show answer

承知しょうちしました。 — The safe default upward. 了解りょうかいしました is widely felt to be too casual toward a superior.

2. A colleague at your level asks you to check a file. Acknowledge it.

Show answer

了解りょうかいしました。 — Fine sideways and downward. 承知しょうちしました also works and is never wrong.

3. You are writing an email to a client company. Which word for "your company"?

Show answer

貴社きしゃ。 — 御社おんしゃ is the spoken form. In writing it is 貴社きしゃ, and mixing them up is a small but noticeable slip.

4. Ask politely how a project is going.

Show answer

進捗しんちょくはいかがですか。 — しんちょく. It appears in essentially every status meeting.

5. Soften a request to confirm something.

Show answer

お手数てすうですが、ご確認かくにんいただけますでしょうか。 — お手数てすうですが carries no content; it marks the request as an imposition you are aware of.

6. How is 割愛かつあい read, and what does it mean?

Show answer

かつあい — "to omit." — Used when skipping part of a presentation. 割合わりあい (わりあい) is a different word meaning "proportion."

7. Write "we have concerns" for a report.

Show answer

懸念けねんしております。 — けねん is the institutional version of worry. 心配しんぱい is personal and reads as out of place in a document.

8. Answer the phone for a colleague who has stepped out.

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ただいま外出がいしゅつしております。 — The standard phone answer, in humble form because you are speaking about your own side.

9. Is a 説明会せつめいかい an exam?

Show answer

No — it is a company information session. — 座談会ざだんかい is the round-table chat with employees. Both are part of 就活しゅうかつ.

10. Say you are working from home today.

Show answer

本日ほんじつは在宅勤務ざいたくきんむです。 — 本日ほんじつ rather than 今日きょう in business register. リモートワーク is used just as often as 在宅勤務ざいたくきんむ.

FAQ

Is 了解りょうかいしました actually rude? Not rude exactly, but enough Japanese workers treat it as too casual upward that it is not worth the risk. 承知しょうちしました costs you nothing.

Do I need keigo to use these words? The vocabulary and the honorific forms are separate problems. You can use 進捗しんちょく and 納期のうき in ordinary polite Japanese. The keigo layer is on top, and it is covered in keigo and casual speech.

Are these words tested on the JLPT? Some of the reading vocabulary appears at N2 and N1 — 顕著けんちょ, 示唆しさ, 遵守じゅんしゅ turn up in texts. The workplace phrases like 承知しょうちしました and お手数てすうですが generally do not.

What is 本日ほんじつ doing instead of 今日きょう? 本日ほんじつ is the formal register of "today," along with 昨日きのう read さくじつ and 明日あした read みょうにち in announcements. Same meaning, different weight — the written-register question again.

How do I learn these fastest? Pick the ten you will use in your first week — 御社おんしゃ, 弊社へいしゃ, 承知しょうちしました, お疲つかれ様さまです, 進捗しんちょく, 締め切しめきり, お手数てすうですが, 確認かくにん, 在宅勤務ざいたくきんむ, 失礼しつれいします — and leave the report vocabulary for when you have to write a report.

Is うち acceptable for "our company"? Internally, yes, and it is very common. Never with a client — that is 弊社へいしゃ.

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab — the first column becomes the front, the second the back.

御社	おんしゃ — your company (spoken)
貴社	きしゃ — your company (written)
弊社	へいしゃ — our company (humble)
当社	とうしゃ — our company (neutral)
承知しました	しょうちしました — understood (to a superior)
かしこまりました	かしこまりました — certainly (to a customer)
了解しました	りょうかいしました — got it (to a peer)
進捗	しんちょく — progress
納期	のうき — delivery deadline
締め切り	しめきり — deadline
在庫	ざいこ — stock, inventory
業界	ぎょうかい — industry
需要	じゅよう — demand
供給	きょうきゅう — supply
懸念	けねん — concern (institutional)
顕著	けんちょ — marked, notable
示唆	しさ — suggestion, implication
割愛	かつあい — to omit (reluctantly)
遵守	じゅんしゅ — compliance
お手数	おてすう — trouble caused to you
恐れ入ります	おそれいります — I'm terribly sorry
在宅勤務	ざいたくきんむ — working from home
外出	がいしゅつ — being out of the office
出社	しゅっしゃ — coming in to the office
説明会	せつめいかい — information session
座談会	ざだんかい — round-table session
本日	ほんじつ — today (formal)

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime. This list exists because the gap between passing N2 and surviving a meeting is not grammar — it is thirty words that live inside companies and nowhere else.

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Sources: the author's own lessons and standard reference grammars.

More drills like the ones above, plus a timed JLPT-style mock test: Practice

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